Sanchi and Related Topics

Bharhut Yavana

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High relief of a warrior which was discovered among the reliefs of the railings around the Bharhut Stupa.

Foreigners holding grapes and riding winged lions, Sanchi Stupa 1, Eastern Gateway.<ref name="Antiquity, John Boardman 1993, p.112"/>

Foreigner on a horse, circa 115 BCE, Stupa No2.<ref name="AG">An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, by Amalananda Ghosh, BRILL p.295</ref><ref name="Shaw 90">Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi Hill and Archaeologies of Religious and Social Change, C. Third Century BC to Fifth Century AD, Julia Shaw, Left Coast Press, 2013 p.90</ref>

Foreign devotees and musicians on the Northern Gateway of Stupa I, circa 100 BCE.

Detail of the foreigners, in Greek dress and playing carnyxes and aolus flute.

Foreign horseriders, Southern Gateway of Stupa 3.

Foreigner with headband fighting a Makara. Torana of Stupa 3 in Sanchi.

This type of head with the band of a Greek king is also seen on reliefs at Sanchi, in which man in northern dress are seen.

Chaitya

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A chaitya, chaitya hall, chaitya-griha, (Sanskrit:Caitya; Pāli: Cetiya) refers to a shrine, sanctuary, temple or prayer hall in Indian religions.

Outside the chaitya at Cave 19, Ajanta Caves, also with four zones using small repeated "chaitya arch" motifs.

Development of the chaitya arch from the Lomas Rishi Cave on, from a book by Percy Brown.

Drawing of the "Great Chaitya" at the Karla Caves, when built, in about 120 CE

The chaitya Cave 26 at Ajanta; the stupa incorporates a large Buddha statue and there are aisles behind the columns, their walls adorned with relief sculptures. A smaller adaption of the Karli model.

Chaitya hall in Trivikrama Temple, 1st century BCE; the lower mandapa at left was a later Hindu addition.

Durga temple, Aihole, 7th or 8th century.

A Toda temple or milk store hut in Nilgiri Hills. Only the priest may enter through the tiny door.

Rock-cut hall, Sudama, Barabar Caves, dedicated in 257 BCE by Ashoka.

Rock-cut circular Chaitya hall with pillars, Tulja Caves, 1st century BCE

Chaitya arch around the window, and repeated as a gavaksha motif with railings, Cave 9, Ajanta.

The window at the chaitya Cave 10, Ellora, c. 650

Timber ribs on the roof at the Karla Caves; the umbrella over the stupa is also wood

Decorative chaitya arches and lattice railings, Bedse Caves, 1st century BCE

Stupa inside Cave 10, Ellora, the last chaitya hall built, the Buddha image now dominating the stupa.

Remains of the circular Chaitya hall in Bairat Temple, 3rd century BCE.

Relief of a circular chaitya hall, Bharhut, circa 100 BCE.

Sanchi Temple 40 was a 3rd-century BCE apsidal temple, one of the first known in India.

Reconstruction of Sanchi Temple 40 (3rd century BCE).

Trivikrama Temple with its chaitya arch.

The ancient Buddhist chaitya house at Ter.

Remains of the chaitya hall in Chejarla Kapoteswara temple.

Sanchi, Temple 18, from the apse end. Partly reconstructed.

Conjectural reconstruction of Temple 18 by Percy Brown (now dated earlier)

Excavated remains of a structural chaitya at Lalitgiri, Odisha, India

Cambodian sanctuary marker chaitya, Khleang style, c. 975–1010

An apsidal structure in Sanchi has also been dated, at least partially, to the 3rd century BCE: the so-called Temple 40, one of the first instances of a free-standing temple in India.

Alexander Cunningham

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British Army engineer with the Bengal Engineer Group who later took an interest in the history and archaeology of India.

Cunningham (fourth from the right) at an unknown date

Leh Palace, Ladakh. Illustration from Ladak: Physical, Statistical, and Historical

Letter dated 31 January 1862, appointing Cunningham as Surveyor General

In 1842 he excavated at Sankassa and at Sanchi in 1851.

Chandragupta II

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The third ruler of the Gupta Empire in India, and one of the most powerful emperors of the dynasty.

The full name "Chandragupta" in Gupta script (Gupta script: Gupta allahabad c.svg allahabad ndr.jpgGupta allahabad gu.jpg allahabad pt.jpg) Cha-ndra-gu-pta, on coinage.

The pillar inscribed with the Lakulisa Mathura Pillar Inscription, Mathura recording the installation of two Shiva Lingas by Udita Acharya in the "year 61 following the era of the Guptas in the reign of Chandragupta Vikramaditya, son of Samudragupta" (380 CE). Rangeshwar Temple. Mathura Museum. Mathura Museum.

Cave 6 and Cave 8 inscriptions at Udayagiri Caves mention the rule of Chandragupta II.

The iron pillar of Delhi, which features an inscription of king Chandra, identified as Chandragupta II. It was installed as a victory pillar in the Qutb complex by Sultan Iltutmish in the 13th century.

One of the earliest dated Gupta statues, a Bodhisattva derived from the Kushan style of Mathura art, inscribed "year 64" of the Gupta era, 384 CE, Bodh Gaya.

Chandragupta II is associated with the development of Vaishnavism in India, and the establishment of the Udayagiri Caves with Vaishnava iconography (here Varaha saving the world from chaos). Circa 400 CE.

Gold coin of Chandragupta II, with a figure of an archer (obverse), and with a figure of the Indian goddess of good fortune, Shri, seated on a lotus (reverse), Cleveland Museum of Art

Vikramaditya goes forth to war, a modern artist's imagination

Obverse of "Chhatra" type (left) and "Archer" type (right) coins

Coin with the king's name in Brahmi script

Silver coin in Western Satraps style (15mm, 2.1 grams.)<ref name="CIC">"Evidence of the conquest of Saurastra during the reign of Chandragupta II is to be seen in his rare silver coins which are more directly imitated from those of the Western Satraps... they retain some traces of the old inscriptions in Greek characters, while on the reverse, they substitute the Gupta type ... for the chaitya with crescent and star." in Rapson "A catalogue of Indian coins in the British Museum. The Andhras etc.", p.cli</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Curta |first1=Florin |last2=Holt |first2=Andrew |title=Great Events in Religion: An Encyclopedia of Pivotal Events in Religious History [3 volumes] |date=2016 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-61069-566-4 |page=271 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgF9DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA271 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="ABC-CLIO"/>

An inscription found at Sanchi near Udayagiri records donations to the local Buddhist monastery by his military officer Amrakardava, in year 93 of the Gupta era (c.

Mahakapi Jataka

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One of the Jataka tales or stories of the former lives of the Buddha, when he was still a Bodhisattva, as a king of the monkeys

Mahakapi Jataka in Sanchi. The Buddha, in a previous life as the king of 80.000 monkeys, helps them flee and travel a stream with his own body. 1st century BCE.

Down the panel of the relief from Sanchi (Stupa No1, Western Gateway) flows, from top to bottom, the river Ganges.

Syama Jataka

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Third of the Jataka tales in the collection of Ten Jataka or Mahanipata Jataka, which tell of the last ten lives of the Buddha prior to the life in which he achieves enlightenment.

Sama takes care of his blind parents. A modern rendering from Thailand.

The Jataka appear on a relief at Sanchi, Stupa No1, Western Gateway.

The Great Stupa at Sanchi, as breached by Maddock in 1822.

Thomas Herbert Maddock

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British civil servant in India and a Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1852 to 1857.

Grave of Thomas Herbert Maddock in Highgate Cemetery

In 1822, Maddock clumsily breached the Great Stupa at Sanchi, although he was not able to reach the center, and he then abandoned.

British Museum

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Public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London.

The Great Court was developed in 2001 and surrounds the original Reading Room.

The Rosetta Stone on display in the British Museum in 1874

Entrance ticket to the British Museum, London 3 March 1790

Left to Right: Montagu House, Townley Gallery and Sir Robert Smirke's west wing under construction, July 1828

The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus Room, 1920s

Opening of The North Wing, King Edward VII's Galleries, 1914

Sir Leonard Woolley holding the excavated Sumerian Queen's Lyre, 1922

The Enlightenment Gallery at museum, which formerly held the King's Library, 2007

The Reading Room and Great Court roof, 2005

External view of the World Conservation and Exhibition Centre at the museum, 2015

Room 61 – The famous false fresco 'Pond in a Garden' from the Tomb of Nebamun, c. 1350 BC

Room 4 – The Rosetta Stone, key to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs, 196 BC

Room 4 – Colossal red granite statue of Amenhotep III, 1350 BC

Room 17 – Reconstruction of the Nereid Monument, c. 390 BC

Room 18 – Parthenon marbles from the Acropolis of Athens, 447 BC

Room 21 – Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, mid-4th century BC

Room 9 – Assyrian palace reliefs, Nineveh, 701–681 BC

Room 6 – Pair of Human Headed Winged Lions and reliefs from Nimrud with the Balawat Gates, c. 860 BC

Room 52 – Ancient Iran with the Cyrus Cylinder, considered to be the world's first charter of human rights, 559–530 BC

Gallery 50 – View down the Roman Britain gallery

Gallery 2a – Display case of Renaissance metalware from the Waddesdon Bequest

Room 33a – Amaravati Sculptures, southern India, 1st century BC and 3rd century AD

Room 95 – The Percival David collection of Chinese ceramics

Room 24 – The Wellcome Trust Gallery of Living and Dying, with Hoa Hakananai'a, a moai, in the centre

Room 25 – Collection of African throwing knives

A few of the Elgin Marbles (also known as the Parthenon Marbles) from the East Pediment of the Parthenon in Athens.

Room 64 - Egyptian grave containing a Gebelein predynastic mummy, late predynastic, 3400 BC

Room 4 – Three black granite statues of the pharaoh Senusret III, c. 1850 BC

Room 4 – Three black granite statues of the goddess Sakhmet, c. 1400 BC

Room 4 – Colossal statue of Amenhotep III, c. 1370 BC

Great Court – Colossal quartzite statue of Amenhotep III, c. 1350 BC

Room 4 - Limestone statue of a husband and wife, 1300-1250 BC

Room 63 - Gilded outer coffins from the tomb of Henutmehyt, Thebes, Egypt, 19th Dynasty, 1250 BC

Book of the Dead of Hunefer, sheet 5, 19th Dynasty, 1250 BC

Room 4 - Ancient Egyptian bronze statue of a cat from the Late Period, about 664–332 BC

Room 4 - Green siltstone head of a Pharaoh, 26th-30th Dynasty, 600-340 BC

Great Court - Black siltstone obelisk of King Nectanebo II of Egypt, Thirtieth dynasty, about 350 BC

Room 62 - Detail from the mummy case of Artemidorus the Younger, a Greek who had settled in Thebes, Egypt, during Roman times, 100-200 AD

Room 12 – A gold earring from the Aegina Treasure, Greece, 1700-1500 BC

Room 18 – Parthenon statuary from the east pediment and Metopes from the south wall, Athens, Greece, 447-438 BC

Room 19 – Caryatid and Ionian column from the Erechtheion, Acropolis of Athens, Greece, 420-415 BC

Room 20 – Tomb of Payava, Lycia, Turkey, 360 BC

Room 21 – Fragmentary horse from the colossal chariot group which topped the podium of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Turkey, c. 350 BC

Room 22 - Gold oak wreath with a bee and two cicadas, western Turkey, c. 350-300 BC

Room 22 – Column from the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Turkey, early 4th century BC

Room 22 - Colossal head of Asclepius wearing a metal crown (now lost), from a cult statue on Melos, Greece, 325-300 BC

Room 1 - Farnese Hermes in the Enlightenment Gallery, Italy, 1st century AD

Room 69 - Roman gladiator helmet from Pompeii, Italy, 1st century AD

Room 23 - The famous version of the 'Crouching Venus', Roman, c. 1st century AD

Room 22 – Roman marble copy of the famous 'Spinario (Boy with Thorn)', Italy, c. 1st century AD

Room 22 – Apollo of Cyrene (holding a lyre), Libya, c. 2nd century AD

Room 56 – The 'Ram in a Thicket' figure, one of a pair, from Ur, Southern Iraq, c. 2600 BC

Room 56 – The famous 'Standard of Ur', a hollow wooden box with scenes of war and peace, from Ur, c. 2600 BC

Room 56 - Sculpture of the god Imdugud, lion-headed eagle surmounting a lintel made from sheets of copper, Temple of Ninhursag at Tell al-'Ubaid, Iraq, c. 2500 BC

Room 56 - Statue of Kurlil, from the Temple of Ninhursag in Tell al-'Ubaid, southern Iraq, c. 2500 BC

Room 56 – The famous Babylonian 'Queen of the Night relief' of the goddess Ishtar, Iraq, c. 1790 BC

Room 57 - Carved ivory object from the Nimrud Ivories, Phoenician, Nimrud, Iraq, 9th–8th century BC

Room 6 – Depiction of the hypocrite, Jehu, King of Israel on the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, Nimrud, c. 827 BC

Room 10 – Human Headed Winged Bulls from Khorsabad, companion pieces in the Musée du Louvre, Iraq, 710–705 BC

Room 55 – Cuneiform Collection, including the Epic of Gilgamesh, Iraq, c. 669-631 BC

Room 55 – Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal (detail), Nineveh, Neo-Assyrian, Iraq, c. 645 BC

Room 55 - Panel with striding lion made from glazed bricks, Neo-Babylonian, Nebuchadnezzar II, Southern Iraq, 604–562 BC

Room 52 – A chariot from the Oxus Treasure, the most important surviving collection of Achaemenid Persian metalwork, c. 5th to 4th centuries BC

Room 53 - Stela said to come from Tamma' cemetery, Yemen, 1st century AD

Room 53 - Alabaster statue of a standing female figure, Yemen, 1st-2nd centuries AD

Room 34 - Cylindrical lidded box with an Arabic inscription recording its manufacture for the ruler of Mosul, Badr al-Din Lu'lu', Iraq, c. 1233 – 1259 AD

Rogier van der Weyden - Portrait of a Young Woman, c. 1440

Hieronymus Bosch - A comical barber scene, c. 1477-1516

Sandro Botticelli - Allegory of Abundance, 1480-1485

Leonardo da Vinci – The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John the Baptist (prep for 'The Burlington House Cartoon'), c. 1499–1500

Michelangelo – Studies of a reclining male nude: Adam in the fresco 'The Creation of Man' on the vault of the Sistine Chapel, c. 1511

Raphael – Study of Heads, Mother and Child, c. 1509-11

Titian – Drowning of the Pharaoh's Host in the Red Sea, 1515–17

Albrecht Dürer - Drawing of a walrus, 1521

Hans Holbein the Younger - Portrait of Anne Boleyn, 1536

Peter Paul Rubens - Drawing of Isabella Brant, his first wife, 1621

Francisco de Zurbarán - Head of a monk, 1625–64

Claude Lorrain - Drawing of mules, including one full-length, 1630-1640

Rembrandt – The Lamentation at the Foot of the Cross, 1634–35

Thomas Gainsborough - Drawing of a woman with a rose, 1763-1765

JMW Turner - Watercolour of Newport Castle, 1796

Isaac Cruikshank - 'The happy effects of that grand system of shutting ports against the English!!', 1808

John Constable - London from Hampstead Heath in a Storm, (watercolour), 1831

James McNeill Whistler - View of the Battersea side of Chelsea Reach, London, (lithograph), 1878

Vincent van Gogh - Man Digging in the Orchard (print), 1883

Peter van Dievoet - Studies for a statue of a figure in Roman dress, most likely for the statue of James II.<ref>Katherine Gibson, 'The emergence of Grinling Gibbons as a statuary', published in Apollo, September 1999, p .28.</ref>

Room 2 – Handaxe, Lower Palaeolithic, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, c. 1.2 million years BC

Room 3 – Swimming Reindeer carving, France, c. 13,000 years BC<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://my.page-flip.co.uk/?userpath=00000013/00012513/00053413/&page=11|title=BM Reindeer|work=page-flip.co.uk|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-date=1 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301030041/http://my.page-flip.co.uk/?userpath=00000013%2F00012513%2F00053413%2F&page=11|url-status=dead}}</ref>

$Room 2 – Ain Sakhri lovers, from the cave of Ain Sakhri, near Bethlehem, c. 9000 BC<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/p/ain_sakhri_lovers_figurine.aspx|title=British Museum - Ain Sakhri lovers figurine|work=British Museum}}</ref>$

Room 51 – Mold gold cape, North Wales, Bronze Age, c. 1900–1600 BC

Room 50 – Wandsworth Shield, Iron Age shield boss in La Tène style, England, 2nd century BC

Room 50 – Gold torc found in Needwood Forest, central England, 75 BC

Room 49 - Bronze head of a Roman emperor Claudius, from Rendham in Suffolk, eastern England, 1st century AD

Room 49 – Hinton St Mary Mosaic with face of Christ in the centre, from Dorset, southern England, 4th century AD

Room 49 – Corbridge Lanx, silver tray depicting a shrine to Apollo, northern England, 4th century AD

Room 41 – Silver objects from the Roman Coleraine Hoard, Northern Ireland, 4th-5th centuries AD

Room 41 – Sutton Hoo helmet, Anglo-Saxon, England, early 7th century AD

Room 40 – Ivory statue of Virgin and Child, who is crushing a dragon under her left foot from Paris, France, 1310-1330 AD

Room 40 – Chaucer Astrolabe, the oldest dated in Europe, 1326 AD

Room 40 – Royal Gold Cup or Saint Agnes Cup, made in Paris, France, 1370–80 AD

Room 2a – Holy Thorn Reliquary, made in Paris, c. 1390s AD

Room 38 – Mechanical Galleon clock, Augsburg, Germany, around 1585 AD

Room 38 – Carillon clock with automata by Isaac Habrecht, Switzerland, 1589 AD

Room 39 – Ornate clock made by Thomas Tompion, England, 1690 AD

Room 49 – Romano-British crown and diadem found in Hockwold cum Wilton

Room 33 - Cubic weights made of chert from Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan, 2600-1900 BC

Room 33 - One of the hu from Huixian, China, 5th century BC

Room 33 - A hamsa sacred goose vessel made of crystal from Stupa 32, Taxila, Pakistan, 1st century AD

Room 33 - Stone sculpture of the death of Buddha, Gandhara, Pakistan, 1st-3rd centuries AD

Room 91a - Section of the Admonitions Scroll by Chinese artist Gu Kaizhi, China, c. 380 AD

Room 33 - Gilded bronze statue of the Buddha, Dhaneswar Khera, India, 5th century AD

The Amitābha Buddha from Hancui on display in the museum's stairwell, China, 6th century AD

Room 33 - The luohan from Yixian made of glazed stoneware, China, 907-1125 AD

Sculpture of Goddess Ambika found at Dhar, India, 1034 AD

Sculpture of the two Jain tirthankaras Rishabhanatha and Mahavira, Orissa, India, 11th-12th century AD

Room 33 - Western Zhou bronze ritual vessel known as the "Kang Hou Gui", China, 11th century BC

Room 33 - A crowned figure of the Bodhisattva Khasarpana Avalokiteśvara, India, 12th century AD

Room 33 - Covered hanging jar with underglaze decoration, Si Satchanalai (Sawankalok), north-central Thailand, 14th-16th centuries AD

Room 33 - Hu-shaped altar flower vessel, Ming dynasty, China, 15th -16th centuries AD

Room 33 - An assistant to the Judge of Hell, figure from a judgement group, Ming dynasty, China, 16th century AD

Room 33 - Statue of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, gilded bronze. Nepal, 16th century AD

Portrait of Ibrâhîm 'Âdil Shâh II (1580–1626), Mughal Empire of India, 1615 AD

Room 90 - Courtesans of the Tamaya House, attributed to Utagawa Toyoharu, screen painting; Japan, Edo period, late 1770s or early 1780s AD

Room 33 - Large statue of Buddha made of lacquer from Burma, 18th-19th century AD

Room 33 - Figure of seated Lama; of painted and varnished papier-mâché, Ladakh, Tibet, 19th century AD

Room 26 - Stone pipe representing an otter from Mound City, Ohio, USA, 200 BC - 400 AD

Room 2 - Stone tomb guardian, part human part jaguar, from San Agustín, Colombia, c. 300-600 AD

Room 1 - Maya maize god statue from Copán, Honduras, 600-800 AD

Room 24 - Gold Lime Flasks (poporos), Quimbaya Culture, Colombia, 600-1100 AD

Room 27 - Lintel 25 from Yaxchilan, Late Classic, Mexico, 600-900 AD

Room 24 - Bird pectoral made from gold alloy, Popayán, Colombia, 900-1600 AD

Room 24 – Rapa Nui statue Hoa Hakananai'a, 1000 AD, Wellcome Trust Gallery

Room 27 - Double-headed serpent turquoise mosaic, Aztec, Mexico, 1400-1500 AD

Room 27 - Turquoise Mosaic Mask, Mixtec-Aztec, Mexico, 1400-1500 AD

Room 2 - Miniature gold llama figurine, Inca, Peru, about 1500 AD

Room 25 - Part of the famous collection of Benin brass plaques, Nigeria, 1500-1600 AD

Room 25 - Detail of one of the Benin brass plaques in the museum, Nigeria, 1500-1600 AD

Room 25 - Benin ivory mask of Queen Idia, Nigeria, 16th century AD

Room 24 - Hawaiian feather helmet or mahiole, late 1700s AD

Bowl decorated with pearl shell and boars' tusks, used to serve the intoxicating drink kava, Hawaii, late 1700s AD

Great Court - Two house frontal totem poles, Haida, British Columbia, Canada, about 1850 AD

Room 25 - Mask (wood and pigment); Punu people, Gabon, 19th century AD

Room 25 - Otobo masquerade in the Africa Gallery, Nigeria, 20th century AD

Room 25 - Modern interpretation of kente cloth from Ghana, late 20th century AD

Main Staircase, Discobolus of Myron (the Discus-Thrower)

Ceiling of the Great Court and the black siltstone obelisks of Nectanebo II, c. 350 BC

Detail of an Ionic capital on a pilaster in the Great Court

African Garden – created by BBC TV programme Ground Force

Room 4 – Egyptian Sculpture, view towards the Assyrian Transept

The British Museum, Room 6 – Assyrian Sculpture

Room 8 – Pair of Lamassu from Nimrud & reliefs from the palace of Tiglath-Pileser III

Room 7 – Reliefs from the North-west palace of Ashurnasirpal II, Nimrud

Room 89 – Nimrud & Nineveh Palace Reliefs

Room 20a – Tomb of Merehi & Greek Vases, Lycia, 360 BC

Main Staircase – Townley Caryatid, Roman, 140–160 AD

Indo-Scythian sandstone Mathura Lion Capital and Bracket figure from one of the gateways to the Great Stupa at Sanchi, central India, (1st century AD)

Śāriputra

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One of the top disciples of the Buddha.

A stupa dedicated to Śāriputra at the ancient Nalanda monastery. Nyanaponika Thera states that Nalanda was probably close to where Śāriputra was born and died.

Ivory relief depicting Śāriputra and Maudgalyāyana becoming disciples of the Buddha

According to Theravada tradition, the Buddha taught the Abhidharma in Tavatimsa heaven and returned to earth daily to give Śāriputra a summary.

A Chinese painting depicting the events of the Vimalakīrti sutra.

Japanese depiction of the Lotus Sutra, where Śāriputra prompts the Buddha to preach.

One of the Sanchi stupas, where relics of Śāriputra were excavated.

Sketch made by Cunningham of the Sanchi relic caskets attributed to the chief disciples.

Image of the Buddha with his chief disciples at Bangkok Art and Culture Centre. Śāriputra is traditionally depicted on the right side of the Buddha while Maudgalyāyana is traditionally depicted on the left.

C. Maisey discovered a pair of sandstone boxes with encased bone fragments inside during an excavation of one of the stupas in the city of Sanchi, with Śāriputra's and Maudgalyāyana's names inscribed on them in Brāhmī text.

Statue of Moggallana, depicting his dark skin color (blue, black).

Maudgalyayana

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One of the Buddha's closest disciples.

Śāriputra and Maudgalyāyana, together with Sañjaya's five hundred students, went to ordain as monks under the Buddha in Veṇuvana (Pali: Veḷuvana).

The Buddha gave Maudgalyāyana the responsibility to train the novice Rahula, the Buddha's son, here depicted in the middle.

Floating lanterns made from lotus leaves: people make merits and transfer merit through several ceremonies, so the spirits may be reborn in a better rebirth.

In the 19th century, archaeologist Alexander Cunningham discovered bone fragments attributed to Maudgalyāyana and Śāriputra.

C. Maisey discovered bone fragments in caskets, with Maudgalyāyana's and Śāriputra's names inscribed on it, both in the Sanchi Stūpa and at the stūpas at Satdhāra, India.

A report on Sanchi

71 related topics with Alpha

Bharhut Yavana

Chaitya

Alexander Cunningham

Chandragupta II

Mahakapi Jataka

Syama Jataka

Thomas Herbert Maddock

British Museum

Śāriputra

Maudgalyayana