A report on Sarawak

The rhinoceros hornbill is the state bird of Sarawak.
James Brooke, the first White Rajah
Territorial expansion of the Raj of Sarawak from 1841 to 1905 played a significant role to the present-day boundaries of the modern state of Sarawak.
Crowds throng a street in Kuching to witness the arrival of Australian Imperial Force (AIF) on 12 September 1945.
Tan Sri Datuk Amar Stephen Kalong Ningkan declaring the formation of the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963
Timeline of political parties in Sarawak
The State Assembly building is located near the Kuching waterfront.
Julan waterfall (located at Usun Apau Plieran) is the highest waterfall in Sarawak
The Rajang River is the longest river in Malaysia
An orangutan peeling a banana at Semenggoh Wildlife Reserve.
A logging camp along the Rajang River
An LNG port at Bintulu, Sarawak
Turbines inside the Bakun Dam power house. The dam is the main source for electric energy in Sarawak.
French Romani Manouche band performing during Rainforest World Music Festival 2006
Kuching International Airport terminal
Bintulu International Container Terminal (BICT) at Bintulu seaport
The Sarawak General Hospital
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) chancellory building
Major ethnic groups in Sarawak. Clockwise from top right: Melanau girls with the traditional Baju Kurung, Sarawakian Chinese woman in her traditional dress of Cheongsam, a Bidayuh girl, and an Iban warrior in his traditional dress.
A Kayan tribesman, playing the Sapé.
Ngajat, the Iban warrior dance gazetted as part of Sarawak culture.
A bowl of Sarawak laksa
alt=Tall, light grey stone columns protruding above a forest|Pinnacles at Gunung Mulu National Park
The vegetations at the summit of Mount Murud
South China Sea view from Sarawak
alt=A mudflat receding into the sea in the distance, with a cloud-topped mountain beyond|Parts of the Bako National Park
St. Joseph Cathedral
Old Sarawak State Mosque
Hong San Si Temple
The distribution of language families of Sarawak shown by colours: (click image to enlarge) Malayic North Borneo and Melanau Kajang languages Land Dayak Areas with multiple languages

State of Malaysia.

- Sarawak

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Malaysia

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Country in Southeast Asia.

Country in Southeast Asia.

"Malaysia" used as a label for the Malay Archipelago on a 1914 map from a United States atlas
The Malacca Sultanate played a major role in spreading Islam throughout the Malay Archipelago.
The Dutch fleet battling with the Portuguese armada as part of the Dutch–Portuguese War in 1606 to gain control of Malacca
Statue of Francis Light in the Fort Cornwallis of Penang, the first British colony in what was to become Malaysia
The Parliament of Malaysia, the building that houses the members of the Dewan Rakyat
The Perdana Putra houses the office of the Prime Minister.
Former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad meeting with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo at the Prime Minister's Office in Putrajaya, 2018
Examples of the Malaysian Armed Forces weaponry assets. Clockwise from top right:, PT-91M MBT tank, Malaysian Army paratrooper with M4, and Su-30MKM fighter aircraft.
Malaysia is within the equatorial region, where a tropical rainforest climate is apparent all year round.
Mount Kinabalu, the highest summit in the country
Native species in Malaysia, clockwise from top-right: oriental pied hornbills, hawksbill sea turtle, proboscis monkey, Malayan tiger.
Some species of Rafflesia can grow up to 1 m in diameter, making them the largest flowers in the world.
Development of real GDP per capita, 1870 to 2018
A proportional representation of Malaysia exports, 2019
The Proton company is a Malaysian car manufacturer.
Population pyramid 2016
The percentage distribution of Malaysian population by ethnic group based on 2010 census
Population density (person per km2) in 2010
The percentage distribution of Malaysian population by religion based on 2010 census
A traditional house being built in Sabah
A craftsman making batik. Malaysian batik is usually patterned with floral motifs with light colouring.
Radio Televisyen Malaysia
Malaysia's largest Buddhist temple—Kek Lok Si in Penang—illuminated in preparation for the Lunar New Year
Traditional sports such as the martial art style Silat Melayu persist alongside modern sports.
Ministry of Education, Putrajaya
Topographic map of Malaysia; Mount Kinabalu is the highest summit in the country.
Köppen climate classification of Malaysia. The country is within the equatorial region, where a tropical rainforest climate is apparent all year round.
Kuala Lumpur, the financial centre of Malaysia
The distribution of language families of Malaysia shown by colours: (click image to enlarge) Malayic Bornean Aslian Land Dayak Sama–Bajaw Philippine Chinese Areas with multiple languages

In Sabah and Sarawak districts are grouped into divisions.

Kuching was later established as the seat of Brooke government under the management of James Brooke.

Kuching

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Kuching was later established as the seat of Brooke government under the management of James Brooke.
The Kuching state prison was situated beside the Square Tower building in 1896.
Children are pulled through the city's streets by a coolie, c. 1919.
A street scene of Kuching town shortly after the surrender of Japan, image taken on 12 September 1945.
A piece of Japanese propaganda in Jawi script found in the town after the capturing of the town by the Australian forces.
Panorama of Kuching City.
Kuching as the commercial centre of Sarawak.
The city highway.
New asphalt road connecting the rural areas with the city.
The main taxis in the city are painted in red and yellow.
A traditional roofed wooden sampan, the main water transport in Kuching.
Kuching International Airport at night.
The Sarawak General Hospital.
The Sarawak State Library.
The Sarawak State Museum building was built by Rajah Charles Brooke in 1891 and designed based on the architecture of a Normandy town hall.
The Astana, one of the historical landmarks in the city.
Darul Hana Bridge at night
New Sarawak State Legislative Assembly Building.
Former Madrasah Melayu Kuching (which is now as Islamic Heritage Museum).
A puppet show in Kuching, c. 1919.
Kuching Mosque at dusk
Hong San Si Temple
St. Joseph Cathedral
Local authorities comprising Greater Kuching with a total area of 2030.94 square kilometres: Kuching North City Hall (DBKU) Kuching South City Council (MBKS) Padawan Municipal Council (MPP) Kota Samarahan Municipal Council (MPKS, formerly MDS)

Kuching, officially the City of Kuching, is the capital and the most populous city in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia.

Sabah

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State of Malaysia located on the northern portion of Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia.

State of Malaysia located on the northern portion of Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia.

Entrance to the Madai Cave.
Left: The first concession treaty was signed by Sultan Abdul Momin of Brunei on 29 December 1877. Right: The second concession treaty was signed by Sultan Jamal ul-Azam of Sulu on 22 January 1878.
Japanese civilians and soldiers prior to their embarkation to Jesselton after their surrender to the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in Tawau on 21 October 1945.
Donald Stephens (left) declaring the forming of the Federation of Malaysia at Merdeka Square, Jesselton on 16 September 1963. Together with him was the then Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia Tun Abdul Razak (right) and Mustapha Harun (second right).
The State Administrative Building (right), behind the Wisma Innoprise (left).
The Sabah State Legislative Assembly Building in Kota Kinabalu.
A Malaysian Army soldier armed with Colt M4 standing guard in Sabah east coast as part of the Eastern Sabah Security Command (ESSCOM).
Map of the British North Borneo with the yellow area covered the Philippine claim to eastern Sabah, presented by the Philippine Government to ICJ on 25 June 2001.
Sabah is located south of the typhoon belt, making it insusceptible to the devastating effects of the typhoons which frequently batter the neighbouring Philippines, such as the Typhoon Haiyan in 2013.
Sunset over the shorelines of Sabah
Blue-eared kingfisher in the lower Kinabatangan River area, which is endemic to the island of Borneo. Kingfisher is also once a state bird of Sabah and featured in one of its coat of arms.
A walkout through the Sepilok Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre.
A lorry carrying timber in Tawau. Logging has contributed over 50% of the state revenue.
Aerial view of Mamut Mine with water that has filled the mine. Its water is reported to be dangerous for consumption due to the high presence of heavy metals.
Container ship passing through the Likas Bay in the South China Sea.
Paddy field in Tambunan District.
Fishery activities in the harbour of Sandakan.
High voltage electricity pylon located near the Kimanis Power Plant.
Babagon Dam, the biggest water catchment in the state.
Telecommunication towers atop Mount Silam facing Darvel Bay of Lahad Datu.
The advertisement of Peninsular-based radio stations: Era FM, My FM and Hitz FM in a building, showing the radios had set up their offices in the capital city of Sabah.
The building of Sabah Broadcasting Complex in Donggongon.
Eight-lane highway in the capital city of Kota Kinabalu, part of the Pan-Borneo Highway.
Sabah State Railway train passing through a tunnel of the Western Line in Pengalat Besar, Papar District.
Boats and ferries at the Kota Kinabalu marina.
Kota Kinabalu International Airport (Terminal 1).
Gleneagles Kota Kinabalu, one of the main private hospitals in Sabah.
Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) chancellory building.
Sabahan secondary school students in their uniform.
The branch building of National Department for Culture and Arts in Kota Kinabalu.
The Sumazau dance performance of Papar Kadazan at the Monsopiad Cultural Village.
The roundabout in Tambunan with the sculpture of Sompoton, the main musical instrument of Sabah.
A swordfish hinava served with sandwich bread
Extract from the title page of the British North Borneo Official Gazette (the British North Borneo Herald) of 16 April 1902.
Three Came Home, a 1950 Hollywood film based on the memoir of Agnes Newton Keith life in Sandakan, North Borneo (present-day Sabah) during World War II.
The Borneo Bug Fest in 2016, featuring Volkswagen Beetle.
The Borneo International Marathon in 2015.
Likas Stadium which is the home stadium for Sabah FA.
Subsidiary peak of Mount Kinabalu
Smile Islands of Manukan, Mamutik and Sulug
Lahad Datu District sea panoramic view
Padas River Valley
The northern tip of Borneo at Tanjung Simpang Mengayau facing both the South China Sea and Sulu Sea.
Crocker Range, the main mountain ranges in Sabah, part of the Crocker Range National Park.
alt=The wooden frame of a house under construction, with the floor raised off the ground|A traditional house under construction
Bajau house
Bisaya house
Brunei Malay house
Dusun longhouse
Illanun house
Lotud house

Sabah has land borders with the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and Indonesia's North Kalimantan province to the south.

Brunei

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Country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.

Country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.

Brunei territorial losses from 1400 to 1890
Boundaries of Brunei (green) since 1890
British adventurer James Brooke negotiating with the Sultan of Brunei, which led to the signing of the Treaty of Labuan, 1846
Ahmad Tajuddin, the 27th Sultan of Brunei, with members of his court in April 1941, eight months before the Japanese invaded Brunei
Nagato, Tone, Yamato and Musashi in Brunei Bay in October 1944
Major-General Wootten of the Australian 9th Division with Lieutenant-General Masao Baba (signing) of the Japanese 37th Division at the surrender ceremony at Labuan on 10 September 1945
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III
British soldiers in the British protectorate of Brunei on guard in the Seria oilfield, January 1963
Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (right) in 2004
A topographic and geographic limits map of Brunei
Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei.
Brunei's Sultan and Foreign Minister Hassanal Bolkiah meets with U.S. President Barack Obama, 18 November 2015
Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah with Indonesian President Joko Widodo, 6 October 2017
Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and Vladimir Putin during APEC 2000
Headscarves called tudong are compulsory for Brunei's Muslim schoolgirls
Brunei International Airport Mosque
A proportional representation of Brunei exports, 2019
BIMP-EAGA meeting in the office of Brunei Prime Minister on 25 April 2013. From left: Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Malaysian Representative and Filipino President Benigno Aquino III. Brunei is part of the BIMP-EAGA, a subregional economic co-operation initiative in Southeast Asia.
Royal Brunei Boeing 787 Dreamliner at London Heathrow Airport.
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque at night.
Royal Regalia Museum
Nagato, Tone, Yamato and Musashi in Brunei Bay in October 1944

Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak.

Location map of Borneo in Maritime Southeast Asia, the Red River Fault is included in the map.

Borneo

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Third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia.

Third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia.

Location map of Borneo in Maritime Southeast Asia, the Red River Fault is included in the map.
Mount Kinabalu in Malaysia, the highest summit of the island
Kapuas River in Indonesia; at 1000 km in length, it is the longest river in Borneo.
The critically endangered Bornean orangutan, a great ape endemic to Borneo
NASA satellite image of Borneo on 19 May 2002
Logging road in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Dayak, the main indigenous people in the island, were feared for their headhunting practices.
Territorial loss of the thalassocracy of the Sultanate of Brunei from 1400 to 1890 due to the beginning of Western imperialism
British flag hoisted for the first time on the island of Labuan on 24 December 1846
Map of the island divided between the British and the Dutch, 1898. The present boundaries of Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei are largely inherited from the British and Dutch colonial rules.
The Dayak tribe during an Erau ceremony in Tenggarong
Arab-Malay Sultan of Pontianak in 1930
Japanese troops march through the streets of Labuan on 14 January 1942.
American support craft moving towards Victoria and Brown beach to assist the landing of the members of Australian 24th Infantry Brigade on the island during Operation Oboe Six, 10 June 1945
Sukarno visiting Pontianak, West Kalimantan in 1963
Queen's Own Highlanders 1st Battalion conduct a patrol to search for enemy positions in the jungle of Brunei.
Balikpapan, a major city in Borneo
Political divisions of Borneo

The island is politically divided: Brunei, Indonesia, Sarawak, and Sabah.

Sibu

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Inland city in the central region of Sarawak.

Inland city in the central region of Sarawak.

James Brooke built a fort in Sibu in 1862.
A photo of Sibu Fort, taken between 1862 and 1908.
The photo of Sibu bazaar, taken between 1900 and 1930.
Wong Nai Siong brought 1,118 Foochow Chinese into Sibu in 1901.
James Hoover was responsible for developing the Sibu settlement after the departure of Wong Nai Siong in 1904.
Arrival of Chinese immigrants in 1900 at Sibu.
A 1920 Kuomintang meeting in Sibu.
A photo was taken with Japanese generals and the new Resident of Third Division after Sibu was renamed to "Sibu-shu".
Rosli Dhobi assassinated the second governor of colonial Sarawak in 1949.
Swan as a symbol of Sibu.
Wisma Sanyan in Sibu.
Administrative districts of Sibu Division.
Sibu Islamic Complex.
A pile of logs in front of a sawmill near the Rajang river.
Shipyard along the Igan river.
Rajang Port Authority and port facilities.
Scene at the Sibu wharf terminal.
Sibu Airport terminal building.
The Sibu court complex
The Sibu Hospital.
University of Technology Sarawak (UTS).
Kolej Laila Taib, Sibu.
SMC public library.
Sibu Heritage Centre
Tua Pek Kong Temple
A view of cottages inside the Bukit Aup Jubilee Park.
Entrance into Bukit Lima Forest Reserve.
The Sibu Indoor Stadium
Rajang Esplanade Park.
The Sibu Gateway.
A scene at the Sibu central market.
A scene at the Sibu night market.
Dian Mian Hu (鼎边糊).
Kompyang (光饼).
Kompyang with minced pork.
Masland Methodist Church
Jade Dragon Temple
An-Nur Mosque

It is the capital of Sibu District in Sibu Division, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Charles Hose advocated Miri oil exploration to Royal Dutch Shell.

Miri

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Charles Hose advocated Miri oil exploration to Royal Dutch Shell.
Miri Well No. 1 in 1910
Miri street view in 1925
The Residency Building in Miri was originally used as an administration building for the British before being turned into Japanese headquarters during their occupation in Miri.
The Brooke government destroyed Lutong oil refinery and storage facilities before the arrival of the Japanese.
Damaged oil refinery installations at Lutong in 1945 due to Allied bombings
Impact from Allied bombardment on the town
Miri town in 1983
The Miri City Council building.
Miri City as seen from satellite image
Weather radar station on Canada Hill in Miri
Sarawak Shell Berhad
A Chinese shop in Miri selling a variety of needs
MASwings aircraft beside another bigger aircraft in Miri Airport
SMK Chung Hua Miri
Grand Old Lady at the Petroleum Museum.
Horse Cliff in Tusan Beach before collapse in 2020
Taman Awam Miri (Miri Public Park)
A bowl of bird nest soup in Miri
San Ching Tian Temple
Nur Hijrah Mosque

Miri (Jawi: ; ) is a coastal city in northeastern Sarawak, Malaysia, located near the border of Brunei, on the island of Borneo.

Fort Keppel in 1868

Bintulu

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Fort Keppel in 1868
Bintulu fishing village in the 1950s. Behind the fishing village was the airstrip.
Aerial view of Bintulu town in 1950s. Bintulu airstrip can be seen at the top left corner of the image.
Bintulu downtown in 2011
BDA head office in the town of Bintulu
Administrative districts of Bintulu Division
An Iban longhouse near Setiam, Kuala Tatau-Bintulu road
The Bintulu LNG port
Rubber tyred gantry crane at Bintulu International Container Terminal
The Bintulu wharf terminal
Bintulu Medical Centre
The UPM Bintulu Sarawak Campus main Library
Council Negri Monument, Bintulu
Taman Tumbina (Tumbina Park), Bintulu
Tamu Bintulu
ParkCity Mall, Bintulu

Bintulu is a coastal town on the island of Borneo in the central region of Sarawak, Malaysia.

Iban men complete with traditional attire, spears, Ilang and Klebit Bok.

Iban people

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The Ibans or Sea Dayaks are a branch of the Dayak peoples on the island of Borneo in South East Asia.

The Ibans or Sea Dayaks are a branch of the Dayak peoples on the island of Borneo in South East Asia.

Iban men complete with traditional attire, spears, Ilang and Klebit Bok.
A tattooed Iban man from Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan
An Iban head feast in Sarawak.
Cockfighting is a favourite amusement of the Sea Dayaks, or Ibans.
An Iban family serving a guest tuak in Bintulu, Sarawak.
A 19th century Iban carving of a hornbill.
An Iban woman prepares cotton for spinning.
Iban war prahu (bangkong) in Skerang river.
Sea dayak prahu, called "bajak".
Iban Dayak bangkong fleet attacking brig Lily.
Sea Dayaks (Iban) women from Rejang, Sarawak, wearing rattan corsets decorated with brass rings and filigree adornments. The family adds to the corset dress as the girl ages and based on her family's wealth.
Dayaks carry their babies in baskets or carriers such as this one. The motifs on the beaded panel and the additional embellishments such as shells, claws, etc. are meant for the protection of the child. Courtesy of the Wovensouls Collection, Singapore
An Iban family living in a longhouse in Betong.
An Iban headhunter during the Malayan Emergency (1948-1960) prepares a human scalp above a container of human body parts.

The Iban population is concentrated in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia, Brunei, and the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan.

Rajang River

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Sibu is located at 105 km from the river mouth
The elongated Bruit Island is located at the mouth of the Rajang River
A group a natives row their longboat against water current in the river near Pelagus in 1912.
The Rajang Port Authority in Sibu
View of Rajang river during sunset on the Lanang bridge in Sibu
Ferry crossing the Rajang River in Bintangor.
Speedboats and longboats are common at Kapit wharf terminal.

The Rajang River (Batang Rajang) is a river in Sarawak, Malaysia.