A report on Saudi Arabia

Anthropomorphic stela (4th millennium BC), sandstone, 57x27 cm, from El-Maakir-Qaryat al-Kaafa (National Museum of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh)
The "Worshipping Servant" statue (2500 BC), above 1 m in height, is much taller than any possible Mesopotamian or Harappan models. Photo courtesy of the National Museum of Korea.
Qaṣr Al-Farīd, the largest of the 131 rock-cut monumental tombs built from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD, with their elaborately ornamented façades, at the extensive ancient Nabatean archaeological site of Hegra located in the area of Al-'Ula within Al Madinah Region in the Hejaz. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008.
Colossal statue from Al-'Ula in the Hejaz (6th–4th century BC), it followed the standardized artistic sculpting of the Lihyanite kingdom, the original statue was painted with white
At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) covered 11100000 km2 and 62 million people (29 per cent of the world's population), making it one of the largest empires in history in both area and proportion of the world's population. It was also larger than any previous empire in history.
The Battle of Badr, 13 March 624 CE
Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, the founding father and first king of Saudi Arabia
Political map of Saudi Arabia
Map of Saudi Arabian administrative regions and roadways
Map of oil and gas pipelines in the Middle-East
King Fahd with US President Ronald Reagan and future US President Donald Trump in 1985. The US and Saudi Arabia supplied money and arms to the anti-Soviet mujahideen fighters in Afghanistan.
As many as 500 princes, government ministers, and business people, including Prince Fahd bin Abdullah, were arrested by Saudi Arabian authorities as part of the 2017 Saudi Arabian purge
Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh with Bogdan Borusewicz in the Polish Senate, 26 May 2014
Verses from the Quran. The Quran is the official constitution of the country and a primary source of law. Saudi Arabia is unique in enshrining a religious text as a political document.
U.S. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump with King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and the President of Egypt, Abdel Fattah Al Sisi, 21 May 2017
U.S. President Barack Obama meets King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, July 2014
Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is named after a Saudi king. The kingdom is a strong ally of Pakistan. WikiLeaks claimed that Saudis are "long accustomed to having a significant role in Pakistan's affairs".
Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir with then British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson (now Prime Minister) in London, 16 October 2016
Major Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict locations
Flag of Al-Qaeda, a transnational terrorist group formed by Osama bin Laden, a Saudi Arabian national of Yemeni and Syrian extraction who was stripped of his Saudi passport in 1994.
"The Saudi pilots training in Italy 1935"—a scene from 'Our Eagles', one of four video wall shows made for the Royal Saudi Air Force Museum
Saudi soldiers from the First Airborne Brigade.
Deera Square, central Riyadh. It is a former site of public be-headings.
Saudi Arabia topography
Harrat Khaybar seen from the International Space Station. Saudi Arabia is home to more than 2000 dormant volcanoes. Lava fields in Hejaz, known locally by their Arabic name of harrat (the singular is harrah), form one of Earth's largest alkali basalt regions, covering some 180000 km2, an area greater than the state of Missouri.
A proportional representation of Saudi Arabia exports, 2019
Office of Saudi Aramco, the world's most valuable company and the main source of revenue for the state
The hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims.
King Abdullah Financial Center is one of the largest investment centres in the Middle East, located in Riyadh
Al-Hasa is known for its palm trees and dates. Al-Hasa has over 30 million palm trees which produce over 100 thousand tons of dates every year.
Saudi Arabia population density (people per km2)
Laboratory buildings at KAUST
The Al-Yamamah Private University in Riyadh
UIS literacy rate Saudi Arabia population, 15 plus, 1990–2015
Historical development of life expectancy in Saudi Arabia
Supplicating pilgrim at Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām (The Sacred Mosque) in Mecca. The Kaaba is the cubic building in front of the pilgrim.
Non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the Islamic holy city of Mecca
Sarah Attar is a track and field athlete who competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics as one of the first two female Olympians representing Saudi Arabia.
The Masjid al-Haram is the holiest Islamic site, located in Mecca
The Mosque of the Prophet in Medina containing the tomb of Muhammad
King Abdullah practising falconry, a traditional pursuit in the country
Arabic coffee is a traditional beverage in Arabian cuisine
Uruguay – Saudi Arabia match at the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia
The 3000-year-old ancient historical city of Dumat al-Jandal in Al Jawf Province
The old city of Jeddah
Jabal Sawda ({{convert|3000|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}) located in the 'Asir subrange of the Sarat Mountains
Abha City, located {{convert|2270|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level in the 'Asir Region
Beach promenade in Al-Wajh
Dhi 'ain village located in Al Bahah Province
The desert of Al-Rub' Al-Khali (The Empty Quarter)
Saad Khader from left and right Mohammad Al-Ali in 1979

Country on the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.

- Saudi Arabia

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Jannatul Baqi graveyard in Medina, Saudi Arabia

Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia

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Jannatul Baqi graveyard in Medina, Saudi Arabia
Imam Zain al-Abidin desecrated grave at Al-Baqi' in Saudi Arabia

The destruction of heritage sites associated with early Islam is an ongoing phenomenon that has occurred mainly in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, particularly around the two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina.

Deera Square, central Riyadh. Known locally as "Chop-chop square", it is the location of public beheadings.

Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia

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Deera Square, central Riyadh. Known locally as "Chop-chop square", it is the location of public beheadings.
Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi was a journalist and critic, but was murdered by the Saudi Government.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Saudi Arabia.

Emirate of Jabal Shammar

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State in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921.

State in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921.

A photograph of Abdul Aziz bin Mutʿib, nicknamed "Al-Janāzah", the sixth Amir of Jabal Shammar
A photograph of Saud bin Abdulaziz, the tenth Emir
An early photograph of ʿAbdullah II bin Mutʿib II bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz bin Mutʿib I bin ʿAbdullah I bin Rashīd, the eleventh Amir

It included parts of modern-day Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Jordan.

Nabataean trade routes in Pre-Islamic Arabia

Pre-Islamic Arabia

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Pre-Islamic Arabia (شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الإسلام) refers to the Arabian Peninsula prior to the emergence of Islam in 610 CE.

Pre-Islamic Arabia (شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الإسلام) refers to the Arabian Peninsula prior to the emergence of Islam in 610 CE.

Nabataean trade routes in Pre-Islamic Arabia
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Dilmun and its neighbors in the 10th century BCE.
Gerrha and its neighbors in 1 CE.
Asia in 600 CE, showing the Sassanid Empire before the Arab conquest.
Phoenicians man their ships in service to Assyrian king Sennacherib, during his war against the Chaldeans in the Persian Gulf, c. 700 BCE
Sabaean inscription addressed to the moon-god Almaqah, mentioning five South Arabian gods, two reigning sovereigns and two governors, 7th century BCE
A Griffin from the royal palace at Shabwa, the capital city of Hadhramaut
Statue of Ammaalay, 1st century BCE, Yemen
The 'Crowned Man' excavated from the Stone Building in Zafar.
Location of Dedan
Colossal statue from al-Ula, it followed the standardized artistic sculpting of the Lihyanite kingdom, the original statue was painted with white
Arab soldier (Old Persian cuneiform: 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹, Arabāya) of the Achaemenid army, circa 480 BCE. Xerxes I tomb relief.
Al Khazneh in the ruins of Petra (Jordan)
Map showing Roman emperor Trajan control of northwestern Arabia until Hegra (actual Mada'in Saleh)
Approximate locations of some of the important tribes and Empire of the Arabian Peninsula at the dawn of Islam (approximately 600 CE / 50 BH).
South Arabian stele, bust of female raising her hand, with the donor's name, Rathadum, written below; 1st century BC-1st century AD; calcite-alabaster; 32.1 cm (12.6 in) x 23.3 cm (9.1 in) x 3.5 cm (1.3 in); Walters Art Museum (Baltimore).
Votive alabaster figurines from Yemen that represent seated women and female heads; 3rd-1st century BC; National Museum of Oriental Art (Rome, Italy)
Stele, male wearing a baldric – an iconic artwork for pre-Islamic Arabia; 4th millennium BCE, Al-'Ula (Saudi Arabia); exhibition at the National Museum of Korea (Seoul)
Another anthropomorphic stele from pre-Islamic Saudi Arabia
Limestone sculpture from pre-Islamic Yemen that represents a ram
Bas-relief with a palm tree; Sana'a, ancient Yemen, alabaster.
Miniature gate; Zafar, Yemen, 2rd-3rd century AD.
Pergamon Museum (Berlin). Exhibition "Roads of Arabia": Funeral mask and glove (1st century AD), gold, from Thaj, Tell Al-Zayer (National Museum, Riyadh)
Dhamar Ali Yahbur II, King of Himyarite

This fort is 50 miles northeast of al-Hasa in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Parts of Saudi Arabia and neighbouring countries formed a part of the Roman Empire

History of Saudi Arabia

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The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1744 and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah.

The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1744 and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah.

Parts of Saudi Arabia and neighbouring countries formed a part of the Roman Empire
The tribes of Arabia at the time of the spread of Islam (expandable map)
The Arabian Peninsula in 1914
The first Saudi State 1744–1818
Soldiers in the Arab Army during the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918, carrying the Flag of the Arab Revolt and pictured in the Arabian Desert.
Abdulaziz Al Saud, founder of Saudi Arabia
The surviving insurgents of the seizure of the Grand Mosque, 1979 under custody of Saudi authorities, c. 1980.

Pre-Islamic Arabia, the territory that constitutes modern Saudi Arabia, was the site of several ancient cultures and civilizations; the prehistory of Saudi Arabia shows some of the earliest traces of human activity in the world.

King Fahd introduced the Basic Law in 1992.

Basic Law of Saudi Arabia

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Constitution-like charter divided into nine chapters, consisting of 83 articles.

Constitution-like charter divided into nine chapters, consisting of 83 articles.

King Fahd introduced the Basic Law in 1992.

The Basic Law (in Article One) states that the constitution of Saudi Arabia is "the Holy Qur'an, and the Sunna (Traditions)" of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh with British foreign secretary William Hague in London, 5 March 2013

Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia

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Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh with British foreign secretary William Hague in London, 5 March 2013

The Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia (مجلس الشورى السعودي), also known as Majlis ash-Shura or Shura Council, is the formal advisory body of Saudi Arabia.

2011 Saudi Arabian municipal elections

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Municipal elections in Saudi Arabian towns and cities, initially planned for 31 October 2009, were held on 29 September 2011 (a week after the initial date of 22 September 2011).

Louis XIV of France

Absolute monarchy

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Form of monarchy in which the monarch rules in their own right.

Form of monarchy in which the monarch rules in their own right.

Louis XIV of France
Salman, King of Saudi Arabia and Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques

Absolute monarchies include Brunei, Eswatini, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Vatican City and the individual emirates composing the United Arab Emirates, which itself is a federation of such monarchies – a federal monarchy.

The First Saudi State: the product of the alliance between the Al Saud and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab

Al ash-Sheikh

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The First Saudi State: the product of the alliance between the Al Saud and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Second Saudi State (1824–1891) at its greatest extent
Chairman of the Majlis ash-Shura (Consultative Assembly) Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh in the Polish Senate, 26 May 2014
Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh with British foreign secretary William Hague in London, 5 March 2013

The Al ash-Sheikh (آل الشيخ, ʾĀl aš-Šaykh), also transliterated in a number of other ways, including Al ash-Shaykh, Al ash-Shaikh, Al al-Shaykh or Al-Shaykh is Saudi Arabia's leading religious family.