A report on Scholasticism

14th-century image of a university lecture

Medieval school of philosophy that employed a critical organic method of philosophical analysis predicated upon the Aristotelian 10 Categories.

- Scholasticism

38 related topics with Alpha

University

2 links

Institution of higher education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines.

Harvard University, founded in 1636, is the oldest university in the United States and is routinely ranked among the world's best universities

Moroccan higher-learning institution Al-Qarawiyin (founded in 859 A.D.) was transformed into a university under the supervision of the ministry of education in 1963.

Meeting of doctors at the University of Paris. From a medieval manuscript.

The University of Oxford is the oldest university in the United Kingdom and among the world's top ranked

The University of St Andrews, founded in 1410, is Scotland's oldest university and one of the UK's best ranked universities.

Old main building of the University of Basel—Switzerland's oldest university (1460). The university is among the birthplaces of Renaissance humanism

17th-century classroom at the University of Salamanca

King's College London, established by Royal Charter having been founded by King George IV and Duke of Wellington in 1829, is one of the founding colleges of the University of London.

Peking University in Beijing was founded as the Imperial University of Peking

The University of Sydney is Australia's oldest university.

The University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia in the United States was founded in 1819 by American founding father Thomas Jefferson

The efforts of this "scholasticism" were focused on applying Aristotelian logic and thoughts about natural processes to biblical passages and attempting to prove the viability of those passages through reason.

Petrus Aureolus

0 links

Petrus Aureolus (c.

1280 – January 10, 1322) was a scholastic philosopher and theologian.

Étienne Gilson

2 links

French philosopher and historian of philosophy.

After finishing his military service, during which he began to read René Descartes, he studied for his licence (bachelor's degree), focusing on the influence of scholasticism on Cartesian thought.

Plato

3 links

Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.

Diogenes Laertius is a principal source for the history of ancient Greek philosophy.

Through his mother, Plato was related to Solon.

Plato in his academy, drawing after a painting by Swedish painter Carl Johan Wahlbom

A detail of Spinoza monument in Amsterdam.

The "windmill proof" of the Pythagorean theorem found in Euclid's Elements.

A Venn diagram illustrating the classical theory of knowledge.

Oxyrhynchus Papyri, with fragment of Plato's Republic

Bust excavated at the Villa of the Papyri, possibly of Dionysus, Plato or Poseidon.

The Death of Socrates (1787), by Jacques-Louis David

Plato's Allegory of the Cave by Jan Saenredam, according to Cornelis van Haarlem, 1604, Albertina, Vienna

Painting of a scene from Plato's Symposium (Anselm Feuerbach, 1873)

Volume 3, pp. 32–33, of the 1578 Stephanus edition of Plato, showing a passage of Timaeus with the Latin translation and notes of Jean de Serres

First page of the Euthyphro, from the Clarke Plato (Codex Oxoniensis Clarkianus 39), 895 AD. The text is Greek minuscule.

Plato (left) and Aristotle (right) a detail of The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael. Aristotle gestures to the earth while holding a copy of his Nicomachean Ethics in his hand. Plato holds his Timaeus and gestures to the heavens.

"The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato." (Alfred North Whitehead, Process and Reality, 1929).

Plato's thought is often compared with that of his most famous student, Aristotle, whose reputation during the Western Middle Ages so completely eclipsed that of Plato that the Scholastic philosophers referred to Aristotle as "the Philosopher".

Anthony Kenny

0 links

Sir Anthony John Patrick Kenny (born 16 March 1931) is a British philosopher whose interests lie in the philosophy of mind, ancient and scholastic philosophy, the philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of Wittgenstein of whose literary estate he is an executor.

Logic

5 links

Study of correct reasoning or good arguments.

A depiction from the 15th century of the square of opposition, which expresses the fundamental dualities of syllogistic.

During the High Middle Ages, logic became a main focus of philosophers, who would engage in critical logical analyses of philosophical arguments, often using variations of the methodology of scholasticism.

Auctor

0 links

Latin for author or originator.

The term is used in Scholasticism for a "renowned scholar", and in biological taxonomy for the scientist describing a species or other taxon (auctorum).

The ideas of Aristotle and Plato, shown in Raphael's The School of Athens, were partly lost to Western Europeans for centuries.

Transmission of the Greek Classics

0 links

Key factor in the development of intellectual life in Western Europe.

An Arab's depiction of Socrates teaching his students.

A medieval Arabic representation of Aristotle teaching a student.

The Christian medieval scholar St. Jerome (here depicted by Domenico Ghirlandaio, church of Ognissanti, Florence) was against many Greek ideas.

The Scholastic philosophers and theologians of the Middle Ages such as Aquinas later called Averroes “The Commentator,” and Michael the Scot translated several of Averroes' works within fifty years of the Arab's death.