A report on Second Battle of Fallujah

U.S. Marines from Mike Battery, 4th Battalion, 14th Marines, fire a 155mm M198 howitzer from Camp Fallujah, November 2004.
US Army Infantryman from TF 2–7 CAV, prepare to enter a building during fighting in Fallujah.
An M1 Abrams fires its main gun into a building to provide suppressive counterfire against insurgents.
An air strike is called in on a suspected insurgent hideout in Fallujah.
U.S. Army Soldiers rush a wounded soldier to a waiting U.S. Marine CH-46E Sea Knight helicopter during the Second Battle of Fallujah in November 2004.
A city street in Fallujah heavily damaged by the fighting.
U.S. Marines take a break while searching the city of Fallujah in November 2004.
U.S. Marines from the 3rd Battalion 5th Marines seize apartments at the edge of Fallujah in November 2004.
U.S. Army Soldiers use a wall and a pillar as a shield while they tactically enter and clear a building in Fallujah in November 2004.
A Chief Engineering Aide assigned to Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 4 studies an aerial photograph of the streets in Fallujah in November 2004.
In this series of photographs a Marine and Corpsman from 1st Battalion 8th Marines attempt to recover a Marine wounded by a sniper; an insurgent machine-gunner cuts down one of the would be rescuers.
Demonstration in front of the British parliament against the war and the consequences of the Second Battle of Fallujah.

Joint American, Iraqi-government, and British offensive in November and December 2004, the highest point of conflict during the Iraq War.

- Second Battle of Fallujah
U.S. Marines from Mike Battery, 4th Battalion, 14th Marines, fire a 155mm M198 howitzer from Camp Fallujah, November 2004.

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Overall
A U.S. Marine from the 1st Marine Division mans an M240G machine gun outside the Fallujah city limits in April 2004.

First Battle of Fallujah

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Operation against militants in Fallujah as well as an attempt to apprehend or kill the perpetrators of the killing of four U.S. contractors in March 2004.

Operation against militants in Fallujah as well as an attempt to apprehend or kill the perpetrators of the killing of four U.S. contractors in March 2004.

A U.S. Marine from the 1st Marine Division mans an M240G machine gun outside the Fallujah city limits in April 2004.
U.S. Marines from 1st Battalion, 5th Marines fire at insurgent positions during the First Battle of Fallujah.
During the First Battle of Fallujah, U.S. Marines from 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines block off Fallujah's Highway 1.
During the First Battle of Fallujah, U.S. Marines from the 1st Marine Regiment take cover as an M1A1 Abrams from the 1st Tank Battalion fires at a building where insurgent snipers are positioned.

The loss of the Fallujah Brigade prompted the Second Battle of Fallujah in November that year.

Fallujah

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City in the Iraqi province of Al Anbar, located roughly 69 km west of Baghdad on the Euphrates.

City in the Iraqi province of Al Anbar, located roughly 69 km west of Baghdad on the Euphrates.

Fallujah's Caravanserai, ca. 1914
Fallujah as seen from the west, April 2004
The aftermath of an air strike during the Second Battle of Fallujah
A city street in Fallujah heavily damaged by the fighting, November 2004
Liberation of Fallujah by Iraqi Armed Forces, 28 June 2016

The city became a major center of resistance against the Iraqi government during the Iraqi insurgency and the city was the scene of fierce fighting during the First and Second Battles of Fallujah.

Emblem of the United States Marine Corps

United States Marine Corps

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Maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combined arms, implementing its own infantry, artillery, aerial, and special operations forces.

Maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combined arms, implementing its own infantry, artillery, aerial, and special operations forces.

Emblem of the United States Marine Corps
U.S. Marines from the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit training
Marines from the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit depart USS Tarawa (LHA-1), using both a Landing Craft Utility and CH-53E "Super Stallion" helicopters, during amphibious operations in Kuwait, 2003.
Maj. Samuel Nicholas, first Commandant of the Marine Corps, was nominated to lead the Continental Marines by John Adams in November 1775.
British and U.S. troops garrisoned aboard Hornet and Penguin exchanging small arms musket fire with Tristan da Cuna in the background during the final engagement between British and U.S. forces in the War of 1812
The Final Stand at Bladensburg, Maryland, 24 August 1814
Five USMC privates with fixed bayonets, and their NCO with his sword at the Washington Navy Yard, 1864
Georges Scott, American Marines in Belleau Wood, 1918
Former French Foreign Legion Lieutenant, and U.S. Marine Corps officer Peter J. Ortiz, who served in the European theater, often behind enemy lines
Photograph of the Marine Corps War Memorial, which depicts the second U.S. flag-raising atop Mount Suribachi, on Iwo Jima. The memorial is modeled on Joe Rosenthal's famous Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima.
F4U Corsairs providing close air support to Marines of the 1st Marine Division fighting Chinese forces in North Korea, December 1950
U.S. Marines of "G" Company, 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines in action during Operation Allen Brook in South Vietnam, 1968
Beirut Memorial at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
U.S. Marines from 1st Battalion, 7th Marines entering a palace in Baghdad in 2003
U.S. Marines dismounting from an Assault Amphibious Vehicle in Djibouti
Organization of the United States Marine Corps
Marine Raiders conducting CQB training
Opha Johnson (far right) in 1946, with Katherine Towle (far left). They are looking at Opha Johnson's uniform being worn by PFC Muriel Albert.
Two of the first female graduates of the School of Infantry-East's Infantry Training Battalion course, 2013
Marine recruits at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego
U.S. Marines in training
An illustration of U.S. Marines in various uniform setups. From left to right: A U.S. Marine in a Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform with full combat load circa 2003, a U.S. Marine in a (full) blue dress uniform, a U.S. Marine officer in a service uniform, and a U.S. Marine general in an evening dress uniform.
The Eagle, Globe and Anchor along with the U.S. flag, the Marine Corps flag and the Commandant's flag
A recruiting poster making use of the "Teufel Hunden" [sic] nickname
Marines training in martial arts
Marines firing MEU(SOC) pistols while garrisoned aboard a ship
Marine Amphibious Assault Vehicles emerge from the surf onto the sand of Freshwater Beach, Australia
Marine parachutists jumping from an MV-22 Osprey at 10,000 feet
A Marine Corps F-35B, the vertical-landing version of the F-35 Lightning II multirole fighter landing aboard USS Wasp (LHD-1)
Assault Amphibious Vehicles approaching the well deck of USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6)
A Marine and sailor training with rifles in Iraq
A soldier from the 1st Infantry Regiment provides security for a joint Army-Marine patrol in Rawa in 2006. The shoulder sleeve insignia has the logo of the 2nd Marine Division.
Marines unloading CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters from an Air Force C-5 Galaxy

During this occupation, the Marines lead assaults on the city of Fallujah in April (Operation Vigilant Resolve) and November 2004 (Operation Phantom Fury) and saw intense fighting in such places as Ramadi, Al-Qa'im and Hīt.

U.S. Marines fighting at Huế.

Battle of Huế

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Major military engagement in the Tết Offensive launched by North Vietnam and the Việt Cộng during the Vietnam War.

Major military engagement in the Tết Offensive launched by North Vietnam and the Việt Cộng during the Vietnam War.

U.S. Marines fighting at Huế.
Map of the initial attack
Hue: the initial dispositions
Tây Lộc airfield
U.S. Marines clear buildings in southern Huế supported by tanks
An M50 Ontos leads evacuation convoy of commandeered vehicles, 31 January
U.S. Marines wounded during the battle
1st Cavalry Division helicopter resupply mission northwest of Hue
5/7th Cavalry in action at Thon La Chu
U.S. Marines deploy a 106 mm recoilless rifle from within Huế University to target a PAVN machine gun emplacement
A U.S. Marine carries an elderly Vietnamese civilian from Huế Hospital out of harm's way
Vietnamese civilians escaping the fighting pass the Trường Tiền Bridge, destroyed on 7 February
U.S. Marines assault the Dong Ba Gate in the Citadel
A U.S. Marine fires his M60 machine gun during the fight for the Citadel
A CH-46 from HMM-364 lands Vietnamese Marines in Huế on 23 February
A U.S. Marines O-1 flies past the Citadel
U.S. Marines emerge from the battle-damaged Jeanne d'Arc church in southern Huế
Walter Cronkite (holding microphone) interviews Lt. Col. Gravel outside Huế, February 1968
3rd Battalion 5th Marines seize apartments at the edge of Fallujah in November 2004

The November 2004 anti-insurgent Marine operation in the city of Fallujah that took place during the Iraq War, has been compared to the Battle of Huế.

1st Marine Division

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Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California.

Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California.

Structure of 1st Marine Division
A Marine of the 1st Marine Regiment on Guadalcanal.
Marines of 1st Marine Division fighting on Okinawa, 1945.
Marines of 1st Marine Division at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.
3/3 Marines observe an airstrike during Operation Harvest Moon
A wounded 2/5 Marine receives treatment during the Battle of Huế
1/5 Marines await a helicopter during Operation Imperial Lake
Letter by Gen Mattis distributed throughout division before the 2003 invasion of Iraq
19th Naval Construction Battalion Plaque as the third Battalion 17th Marines with the 1st Marine Division Seabee Museum Archives

The division returned to Iraq in February 2004 and took control of the Al Anbar province in western Iraq; it was the lead unit in Operation Vigilant Resolve and Operation Phantom Fury in 2004.

Clockwise from top: US troops at Uday and Qusay Hussein's hideout; insurgents in northern Iraq; the toppling of the Saddam Hussein statue in Firdos Square

Iraq War

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Protracted armed conflict in Iraq from 2003 to 2011 that began with the invasion of Iraq by the United States–led coalition which overthrew the Iraqi government of Saddam Hussein.

Protracted armed conflict in Iraq from 2003 to 2011 that began with the invasion of Iraq by the United States–led coalition which overthrew the Iraqi government of Saddam Hussein.

Clockwise from top: US troops at Uday and Qusay Hussein's hideout; insurgents in northern Iraq; the toppling of the Saddam Hussein statue in Firdos Square
A UN weapons inspector in Iraq, 2002
Excerpt from Donald Rumsfeld memo dated 27 November 2001
United States Secretary of State Colin Powell holding a model vial of anthrax while giving a presentation to the United Nations Security Council
From the left: French President Jacques Chirac, US President George W. Bush, British Prime Minister Tony Blair and Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. Chirac was against the invasion, the other three leaders were in favor.
Anti-war protest in London, September 2002. Organised by the British Stop the War Coalition, up to 400,000 took part in the protest.
Destroyed remains of Iraqi tanks near Al Qadisiyah
US Marines escort captured enemy prisoners to a holding area in the desert of Iraq on 21 March 2003.
US soldiers at the Hands of Victory monument in Baghdad
Iraqi tank on Highway 27 destroyed in April 2003
Map of the invasion routes and major operations/battles of the Iraq War through 2007
US Marines from 1st Battalion 7th Marines enter a palace during the Fall of Baghdad.
A Marine Corps M1 Abrams tank patrols Baghdad after its fall in 2003.
Humvee struck by an improvised explosive device attack in Iraq on 29 September 2004. Staff Sgt. Michael F. Barrett, a military policeman in Marine Wing Support Squadron 373, was severely injured in the attack.
Polish GROM forces in sea operations during the Iraq War
Marines from D Company, 3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion guard detainees prior to loading them into their vehicle.
Occupation zones in Iraq as of September 2003
Saddam Hussein being pulled from his hideaway in Operation Red Dawn, 13 December 2003
Coalition Provisional Authority director L. Paul Bremer signs over sovereignty to the appointed Iraqi Interim Government, 28 June 2004.
US troops fire mortars.
A USMC M198 artillery piece firing outside Fallujah in October 2004
Convention center for Council of Representatives of Iraq
US Marines from 3rd Battalion 3rd Marines clear a house in Al Anbar Governorate.
Nouri al-Maliki meets with George W. Bush, June 2006
President George W. Bush announces the new strategy on Iraq from the White House Library, 10 January 2007.
US soldiers take cover during a firefight with insurgents in the Al Doura section of Baghdad, 7 March 2007.
A graph of US troop fatalities in Iraq March 2003 – July 2010, the orange and blue months are the period of the troop surge and its aftermath.
Iraqi army battalion trains for urban operations
3D map of southern Turkey and northern Iraq
An Iraqi soldier and vehicles from the 42nd Brigade, 11th Iraqi Army Division during a firefight with armed militiamen in the Sadr City district of Baghdad 17 April 2008
General David Petraeus in testimony before Congress on 8 April 2008
An Iraqi Army unit prepares to board a Task Force Baghdad UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for a counterinsurgency mission in Baghdad in 2007.
Street fighting in Mosul in January 2008
Aerial view of the Green Zone, Baghdad International Airport, and the contiguous Victory Base Complex in Baghdad
Election map showing the largest list in every governorate
US Navy and Coast Guard personnel stand guard aboard the Al Basrah Oil Terminal in July 2009.
Iraqi commandos training under the supervision of soldiers from the US 82nd Airborne in December 2010
Alabama Army National Guard MP, MSG Schur, during a joint community policing patrol in Basra, 3 April 2010
M1 Abrams tanks in Iraqi service, January 2011
US Army soldier on the roof of an Iraqi police station in Haqlaniyah, July 2011
US and Kuwaiti troops closing the gate between Kuwait and Iraq on 18 December 2011
June 2015 military situation:
Wounded US personnel flown from Iraq to Ramstein, Germany, for medical treatment (February 2007)
Marines unload a wounded comrade from an Army UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for medical treatment at Al Qaim.
A city street in Ramadi heavily damaged by the fighting in 2006
A memorial in North Carolina in December 2007; US casualty count can be seen in the background.
Child killed by a car bomb in Kirkuk, July 2011
This photograph from Abu Ghraib released in 2006 shows a pyramid of naked Iraqi prisoners.
Car bombing was a frequently used tactic by insurgents in Iraq.
Protesters on 19 March 2005, in London, where over 150,000 marched
A woman pleads with an Iraqi army soldier from 2nd Company, 5th Brigade, 2nd Iraqi Army Division to let a suspected insurgent free during a raid near Tafaria, Iraq.
The U.S. army testing the harmful radiation fragments on the ground in Basra, Iraq.
The water pollution from chemcial spill

The offensive was resumed in November 2004 in the bloodiest battle of the war: the Second Battle of Fallujah, described by the US military as "the heaviest urban combat (that they had been involved in) since the Battle of Hue City in Vietnam."

Rafael Peralta

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Rafael Peralta (April 7, 1979 – November 15, 2004) was a United States Marine killed in combat during the Second Battle of Fallujah during the Iraq War.

1st Marine Regiment Insignia

1st Marine Regiment

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Infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California.

Infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California.

1st Marine Regiment Insignia
Col. Chesty Puller at Inchon leading 1st Marines
Marines of 1st Marine Regiment in Fallujah

Led by the 1st Marine Division, Operation Phantom Fury began with an assault north of the city, with four infantry battalions in the attack.

1st Battalion, 3rd Marines

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Infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Hawaii.

Infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Hawaii.

U.S. Marines with 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines fire a 60mm mortar system during platoon attacks as part of Large Scale Exercise 2021, Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Aug. 6, 2021. LSE21 is a live, virtual, and constructive exercise employing integrated command and control, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and sensors across the joint force to expand battlefield awareness, share targeting data, and conduct long-range precision strikes in support of naval operations in a contested and distributed maritime environment. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Juan Carpanzano)
U.S. Marines with Company A, 1st Battalion, 3rd Marine Regiment, 3d Marine Division, carry a simulated casualty at the Jungle Warfare Training Center, Okinawa, Japan, August 6, 2020. The Marines were participating in an air assault to increase their proficiency at air insertions and maneuvering through simulated enemy terrain. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Savannah Mesimer)
U.S. Marines from 1/3 fighting on Bougainville in 1943.
A U.S. Marine from 1st Battalion, 3d Marines, moves a supposed NLF activist to the rear during a search and clear operation held by the battalion 15 mi west of Da Nang Air Base.
U.S. Marines from 1/3 near Khe Sahn in 1966.
Alpha Company aboard USS Tuscaloosa in December 1989
Weapons Platoon, Bravo Company in the Gulf War

The unit fought in the Second Battle of Fallujah as part of Regimental Combat Team 7 to clear the city of insurgents and reclaim the city.

Armed Iraqi insurgents in November 2006

Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)

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An insurgency began in Iraq after the 2003 US-led invasion, and lasted throughout the ensuing Iraq War which lasted from 2003 until 2011.

An insurgency began in Iraq after the 2003 US-led invasion, and lasted throughout the ensuing Iraq War which lasted from 2003 until 2011.

Armed Iraqi insurgents in November 2006
U.S. Army M1A2 Abrams tanks patrol the streets of Tal Afar, Iraq in February 2005.
A roadside bombing in Iraq on 3 August 2005
Ba'ath Party flag
Interpreters, mostly Iraqi Americans on patrol with U.S. troops, became frequent targets of insurgents during the war
Provincial control of Iraq in September 2011

These include Operation Option North and Operation Bayonet Lightning in Kirkuk, Operation Desert Thrust, Operation Abilene and Operation All American Tiger throughout Iraq, Operation Iron Hammer in Baghdad and Operation Ivy Blizzard in Samarra – all in 2003; Operation Market Sweep, Operation Vigilant Resolve and Operation Phantom Fury in Fallujah in 2004; Operation Matador in Anbar, Operation Squeeze Play and Operation Lightning in Baghdad, Operation New Market near Haditha, Operation Spear in Karabillah and the Battle of Tal Afar – all in 2005; Operation Swarmer in Samarra and Operation Together Forward in Baghdad in 2006; and Operation Law and Order in Baghdad, Operation Arrowhead Ripper in Baqouba and Operation Phantom Strike throughout Iraq – all in 2007.