Supreme Court of the United States
Highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States.
- Supreme Court of the United States500 related topics
State court (United States)
In the United States, a state court has jurisdiction over disputes with some connection to a U.S. state.
In matters that involve issues of federal law, the final decision of the state's highest court (including refusals to hear final appeals) may be appealed to the United States Supreme Court (which also has the discretion to refuse to hear them).
Judiciary Act of 1789
The Judiciary Act of 1789 (ch.
Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution prescribed that the "judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior Courts" as Congress saw fit to establish.
Federal judiciary of the United States
One of the three branches of the federal government of the United States organized under the United States Constitution and laws of the federal government.
The Supreme Court of the United States is the court of last resort.
Constitution of the United States
Supreme law of the United States of America.
Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress (Article I); the executive, consisting of the president and subordinate officers (Article II); and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts (Article III).
Justiciability
Justiciability concerns the limits upon legal issues over which a court can exercise its judicial authority.
Justiciability is one of several criteria that the United States Supreme Court uses to make a judgment granting writ of certiorari ("cert.").
United States Supreme Court Building
The Supreme Court Building houses the Supreme Court of the United States.
Judicial review in the United States
Legal power of a court to determine if a statute, treaty, or administrative regulation contradicts or violates the provisions of existing law, a State Constitution, or ultimately the United States Constitution.
Two landmark decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court served to confirm the inferred constitutional authority for judicial review in the United States.
Federal tribunals in the United States
Federal tribunals in the United States are those tribunals established by the federal government of the United States for the purpose of resolving disputes involving or arising under federal laws, including questions about the constitutionality of such laws.
The use of the term "tribunal" in this context as a blanket term to encompass both courts and other adjudicative entities comes from section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, which expressly grants Congress the power to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Majority opinion
Judicial opinion agreed to by more than half of the members of a court.
In some courts, such as the Supreme Court of the United States, the majority opinion may be broken down into numbered or lettered sections.
John Marshall
American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth chief justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835.
Marshall remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longest serving justice in U.S. Supreme Court history, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential justices to ever sit on the Supreme Court.