Television station

A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals.

Terrestrial television is a type of television broadcasting in which the television signal is transmitted by radio waves from the terrestrial (Earth-based) transmitter of a television station to a TV receiver having an antenna.

A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate, respectively.

A television network is a telecommunications network for distribution of television program content, whereby a central operation provides programming to many television stations or pay television providers.

A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate, respectively.

In the broadcasting industry, an owned-and-operated station (frequently abbreviated as O&O) usually refers to a television or radio station that is owned by the network with which it is associated.

A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate, respectively.

This distinguishes such a television or radio station from an owned-and-operated station (O&O), which is owned by the parent network.

Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel, but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well.

In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel.

Another form a television station may take is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting.

A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or TV station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

In those countries, the local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news.

Station identification (ident, network ID or channel ID) is the practice of radio or television stations or networks identifying themselves on-air, typically by means of a call sign or brand name (sometimes known, particularly in the United States, as a "sounder" or "stinger", more generally as a station or network ID).

To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used.

Master control is the technical hub of a broadcast operation common among most over-the-air television stations and television networks.

To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used.

A studio transmitter link (or STL) sends a radio station's or television station's audio and video from the broadcast studio or origination facility to a radio transmitter, television transmitter or uplink facility in another location.

A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of the main broadcast.

The transmitter/studio link (or TSL) of a radio station or television station is a return link which sends telemetry data from the remotely located radio transmitter or television transmitter back to the studio for monitoring purposes.

Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel, but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well.

Commonly, the term "television channel" is used to mean a television station or its pay television counterpart (both outlined below).

Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM.

TV DX and FM DX is the active search for distant radio or television stations received during unusual atmospheric conditions.

In the United States, for example, a television license defines the broadcast range, or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages.

After production, the show is handed over to the television network, which sends it out to its affiliate stations, which broadcast it in the specified broadcast programming time slot.

A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of the main broadcast.

For the audio part, MTS uses subcarriers on the video that can also carry three audio channels, including one for stereo (same left-minus-right method as for FM), another for second audio programs (such as descriptive video service for the vision-impaired, and bilingual programs), and yet a third hidden one for the studio to communicate with reporters or technicians in the field (or for a technician or broadcast engineer at a remote transmitter site to talk back to the studio), or any other use a TV station might see fit.

They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies.

Broadcasting syndication is the license to broadcast television programs and radio programs by multiple television stations and radio stations, without going through a broadcast network.

They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network, or some other structure.

A terrestrial network (or broadcast network in the United States) is a group of radio stations, television stations, or other electronic media outlets, that form an agreement to air, or broadcast, content from a centralized source.

Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes.

As a result of this, and similar actions by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, Channel 37 has never been used by any over-the-air television station in Canada or the United States.

Many stations have some sort of television studio, which on major-network stations is often used for newscasts or other local programming.

The terms local programme, local programming, local content or local television refers to a television program made by a television station or independent television producer for broadcast only within the station's transmission area or television market.

There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV.

A remote pickup unit (RPU) is usually used to transmit the audio and/or video back to the television station, where it joins the normal airchain.

To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years.

Used either at a broadcast network, radio station or a television station, it can run a facility in the absence of a human operator.

The class A television service is a system for regulating some low-power television (LPTV) stations in the United States.

In cable television, governments apply a must-carry regulation stating that locally licensed television stations must be carried on a cable provider's system.

TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations, particularly co-owned sister stations.

In broadcasting, sister stations or sister channels are radio or television stations operated by the same company, either by direct ownership or through a management agreement.

Significantly viewed (SV) is a classification for television stations as determined by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), consisting of local stations that have a significant viewership outside of their Nielsen designated market area (DMA).

The Fernsehsender "Paul Nipkow" (TV Station Paul Nipkow) in Berlin, Germany, was the first public television station in the world.