A report on Third National Government of New Zealand

Queen Elizabeth II and the 1981 New Zealand Cabinet
Robert Muldoon served as Prime Minister from 1975 to 1984.

The government of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984.

- Third National Government of New Zealand
Queen Elizabeth II and the 1981 New Zealand Cabinet

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Muldoon in 1978

Robert Muldoon

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New Zealand politician who served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand, from 1975 to 1984, while leader of the National Party.

New Zealand politician who served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand, from 1975 to 1984, while leader of the National Party.

Muldoon in 1978
Robert Muldoon married Thea Flyger in 1951.
Muldoon (centre) as Minister of Finance, 26 June 1969; with him are Allan McCready MP and A J Shaw
Muldoon and Thea Muldoon (centre left) with National members celebrating on election night, 29 November 1975
Robert Muldoon and US President Jimmy Carter during an official visit to the United States, 1977
Muldoon meets British Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher, Wellington, September 1976
Prime Minister Muldoon (far left) and Governor-General Sir Keith Holyoake (third from left) with West German President Walter Scheel (fourth from right), pictured in the conservatory at Government House Wellington in October 1978
Cabinet photograph during Queen Elizabeth II's tour of New Zealand in October 1981; Muldoon is seated on the Queen's right
Muldoon in 1981
Muldoon shows a lighter side: opening the Agrodome (agricultural centre) in Rotorua, November 1980
Muldoon and Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser, meeting in 1978 for a Regional Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Sydney
Charicature of Muldoon in Backbenchers bar in Wellington
Street graffiti of Muldoon in Auckland
Muldoon in China as Minister of Finance, 1970.
Muldoon on an incongruous trip to Disneyland, in November 1977. Despite his abrasive personality, the Prime Minister was known for intermittent eccentric behaviour, including an unexplained affection for Mickey Mouse.

Economic policies of the Muldoon Government included national superannuation, wage and price freezes, industrial incentives, and the Think Big industrial projects.

The Clyde Dam, a "Think Big" project.

Think Big

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The Clyde Dam, a "Think Big" project.
An electric EF class locomotive on the electrified section of the NIMT.

Think Big was an interventionist state economic strategy of the Third National Government of New Zealand, promoted by the Prime Minister Robert Muldoon (1975–1984) and his National government in the early 1980s.

New Zealand National Party

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Centre-right political party in New Zealand.

Centre-right political party in New Zealand.

Adam Hamilton was the first leader of the National Party.
Sir Sidney Holland was the first National Prime Minister, 1949–1957
Sir Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister, 1957 and 1960–1972
Sir Robert Muldoon, Prime Minister, 1975–1984
A former National Party logo, used during the Muldoon era
Jim Bolger served 1986–1997 born 1935 (age {{age|1935|05|31}})
Dame Jenny Shipley, Prime Minister, 1997–1999
Sir John Key, Prime Minister, 2008–2016
National Party election campaigners in Kaikoura, 2014
Christopher Luxon has served as the party's leader since November 2021
Sir Jim McLay served 1984–1986 born 1945 (age {{age|1945|02|21}})
Dame Jenny Shipley served 1997–2001 born 1952 (age {{age|1952|02|04}})
Sir Bill English served 2001–03; 2016–18 born 1961 (age {{age|1961|12|30}})
Don Brash served 2003–2006 born 1940 (age {{age|1940|09|24}})
Sir John Key served 2006–2016 born 1961 (age {{age|1961|08|09}})
Simon Bridges served 2018–2020 born 1976 (age {{age|1976|10|12}})
Todd Muller served 2020 born 1968 (age {{age|1968|12|23}})
Judith Collins served 2020–2021 born 1959 (age {{age|1959|02|24}})

The First, Second and Third National governments (1950s–1980s) generally sought to preserve the economic and social stability of New Zealand, mainly keeping intact the high degree of protectionism and the strong welfare state built up by the First Labour Government.

Kirk in 1966

Norman Kirk

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New Zealand politician who served as the 29th prime minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in 1974.

New Zealand politician who served as the 29th prime minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in 1974.

Kirk in 1966
Norman Kirk's childhood home
Kirk speaks to a crowd outside Labour Party headquarters, Levin, 1972
Kirk at Waitangi Day, 1973
Kirk at the High Commissioner's Reception, New Delhi, 29 December 1973, with Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi

The government stopped the raids and issued an amnesty in April 1974, but they were later restarted by the Muldoon Government.

Norman Kirk created a special police task force to deal with overstayers.

Dawn Raids (New Zealand)

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The Dawn Raids were a crackdown in New Zealand from 1973 to 1979, and then sporadically afterward, on alleged illegal overstayers from the Pacific Islands.

The Dawn Raids were a crackdown in New Zealand from 1973 to 1979, and then sporadically afterward, on alleged illegal overstayers from the Pacific Islands.

Norman Kirk created a special police task force to deal with overstayers.
Robert Muldoon led Cabinet during renewed raids and checks against overstayers.
Jacinda Ardern formally apologised for the Dawn Raids in August 2021.
A playreading of 'Dawn Raids' by Oscar Kightley at dawn near the harbour in Te Whanganui-a-Tara

The raids were first introduced in 1973 by Prime Minister Norman Kirk's Labour government who discontinued them in April 1974; however, they were later reintroduced and intensified by Rob Muldoon's Third National government.

1984 New Zealand constitutional crisis

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Important constitutional and political event in the history of New Zealand.

Important constitutional and political event in the history of New Zealand.

At the time, New Zealand was led by Prime Minister, Sir Robert Muldoon and his National Party government.

New Zealand Labour Party

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Centre-left political party in New Zealand.

Centre-left political party in New Zealand.

Members of the Labour parliamentary caucus, 1922. Prominent members are Harry Holland (seated, left of centre), Peter Fraser (seated, right of centre) and Michael Joseph Savage (back row, rightmost).
Michael Joseph Savage, the first Prime Minister from the Labour Party
Members of the First Labour Government on the steps of the Parliamentary Library in Wellington, 1935
Leader Norman Kirk opening Labour's election campaign in 1966
Party logo from the mid-1960s until the early 1990s
The free-market policies of David Lange's government deviated sharply from those of previous Labour governments
Helen Clark, Labour Prime Minister from 1999 to 2008
Party logo in 2008
Then-leader Phil Goff with current leader Jacinda Ardern and Carol Beaumont at a 2010 anti-mining march in Auckland
Leader Jacinda Ardern with party members at a 2017 Labour election campaign event

When the Fourth Labour Government came into power it uncovered a fiscal crisis that had been largely hidden by the outgoing Third National Government.

Traditional celebrations at Waitangi

Waitangi Day

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Regarded as the founding document of the nation.

Regarded as the founding document of the nation.

Traditional celebrations at Waitangi
Treaty House and grounds at Waitangi, where the treaty was first signed. The first Waitangi Day was celebrated in the grounds on 6 February 1934.
Norman Kirk and a Māori boy on Waitangi Day, 1973
The challenge at Waitangi Day, 1976, with Prime Minister Robert Muldoon present
Prime Minister Helen Clark being welcomed onto Hoani Waititi Marae, in West Auckland, Waitangi Day 2006
The flagstaff at Waitangi, the focus of significant protest. On the flagstaff is flown, from left, the Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand; the Ensign of the Royal New Zealand Navy, and the Union Flag.
Māori protestors in 2006

The election of the third National government in 1975 led to the day being renamed Waitangi Day because the new prime minister, Robert Muldoon, did not like the name "New Zealand Day" and many Māori felt that it debased the treaty.

Waitangi Day Act

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There have been two Waitangi Day Acts passed by the New Zealand Parliament: the Waitangi Day Act 1960 and the Waitangi Day Act 1976.

There have been two Waitangi Day Acts passed by the New Zealand Parliament: the Waitangi Day Act 1960 and the Waitangi Day Act 1976.

Following a change of government in 1975, the new National government passed the Waitangi Day Act 1976, which changed the name of the day back to Waitangi Day.

New Zealand Party

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The New Zealand Party operated as a political party in New Zealand from 1983 to 1993.

The New Zealand Party operated as a political party in New Zealand from 1983 to 1993.

It failed to win any seats in Parliament, but it purportedly played a role in causing the defeat of Robert Muldoon's National government in the 1984 election by splitting the vote (as a spoiler).