A report on Tian Shan

Tian Shan Mountains from space, October 1997, with Issyk-Kul Lake in Kyrgyzstan at the northern end
Tian Shan with the ancient silk road
Kyrgyzstan (borders marked in red) The indentation on the west is the Fergana Valley
Map of Tian Shan.
In the Karakol valley (Issyk-Kul Region, Kyrgyzstan)
Snow-capped peaks of the Tian Shan seen from an Issyk Kul Lake beach
Koldeneng Valley in Ili Prefecture

Large system of mountain ranges located in Central Asia.

- Tian Shan
Tian Shan Mountains from space, October 1997, with Issyk-Kul Lake in Kyrgyzstan at the northern end

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Pyotr Semyonov in the 1870s.

Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky

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Russian geographer and statistician who managed the Russian Geographical Society for more than 40 years.

Russian geographer and statistician who managed the Russian Geographical Society for more than 40 years.

Pyotr Semyonov in the 1870s.
Portrait by Valentin Serov (1905).

He gained international fame for his pioneering exploration of the Tian Shan mountains.

Detailed map of Kazakhstan

Geography of Kazakhstan

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Located in Central Asia .

Located in Central Asia .

Detailed map of Kazakhstan
In the steppes of Central Asia (Akmola Region)
Kazakhstan map of Köppen climate classification.
Portions of Kazakhstan (top) and Kyrgyzstan at the bottom. The lake at the top of the image is Lake Balkhash.
With land area of 2.6 million km2, Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia

The highest point is the top of the mountain Khan Tengri, on the Kyrgyz border in the Tian Shan range, with an elevation of 7,010 m above sea level; the lowest point is the bottom of the Karagiye depression at 132 m below sea level, in the Mangystau province east of the Caspian Sea.

View of Qilian Mountains

Qilian Mountains

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To the south of Hexi Corridor, is a northern outlier of the Kunlun Mountains, forming the border between Qinghai and the Gansu provinces of northern China.

To the south of Hexi Corridor, is a northern outlier of the Kunlun Mountains, forming the border between Qinghai and the Gansu provinces of northern China.

View of Qilian Mountains

These Qilian Mountains however, has been suggested to be the mountains now known as Tian Shan, 1,500 km to the west.

Kakshaal Too

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The Kakshaal Too (Какшаал Тоо, Qaqşaal Too, قاقشاال توو) is a large mountain range in the Central Tien-Shan.

Lake Ebinur (unlabeled) lies in the west of the Dzungarian basin, to the left of the letter "D" in "Dsungarei", within which it would fit. The larger Lake Alakol (also unlabeled) lies to its northwest, over the border in Kazakhstan. The valley of the Dzungarian Gate (yellow, given its elevation) runs from northwest to southeast through the mountain range that lies between the two lakes.

Dzungarian Gate

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Geographically and historically significant mountain pass between China and Central Asia.

Geographically and historically significant mountain pass between China and Central Asia.

Lake Ebinur (unlabeled) lies in the west of the Dzungarian basin, to the left of the letter "D" in "Dsungarei", within which it would fit. The larger Lake Alakol (also unlabeled) lies to its northwest, over the border in Kazakhstan. The valley of the Dzungarian Gate (yellow, given its elevation) runs from northwest to southeast through the mountain range that lies between the two lakes.
Zhang Qian taking leave from emperor Han Wudi, for his expedition to Central Asia from 138 to 126 BCE, Mogao Caves mural, 618–712.
A view of Alashankou station
World map according to Herodotus. Top right are the countries of the Issedones, Arimaspi, and, in the extreme northeast, the Hyperboreans. Click the map for a larger view.
Scythian vs griffin on a Greek vase
Proteceratops skeletons are often found disarticulated. Unconnected to the skull, the plates of the head shield could be misinterpreted as wings.
Rape of Oreithyia by Boreas. Detail from an Apulian red-figure oinochoe, 360 BC
A map of ancient Scythia, beyond which were said to lie griffins, gold, and the land of the Hyperboreans
Przewalski's Horse, native to the Dzungarian Basin
A wingless, crested griffin from Knossos

A traveler going west from China must go either north of the Tian Shan through Dzungaria or south of the Tian Shan through the Tarim Basin.

Broken Heart Rock, in the Jeti-Ögüz Valley in the Terskey Ala-Too

Terskey Ala-too

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Broken Heart Rock, in the Jeti-Ögüz Valley in the Terskey Ala-Too

The Terskey Ala-Too (Тескей Ала-Тоо,, Терскей-Алатау) is a mountain range in the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan.

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Talas Alatau

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The Talas Ala-Too or Alataw range (Талас Ала-Тоосу; Талас Алатауы) is range of the Tian Shan mountains forming the southern and eastern border of Talas Region of Kyrgyzstan.

Mountains of Kyungei Alatoo seen from Koshkol, Kyrgyzstan

Alatau

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Generic name for a number of mountain ranges in Central Asia, characterized by interleaving areas of vegetation, scattered rocks and snows.

Generic name for a number of mountain ranges in Central Asia, characterized by interleaving areas of vegetation, scattered rocks and snows.

Mountains of Kyungei Alatoo seen from Koshkol, Kyrgyzstan

Several ranges of the Tien Shan

Alay Range

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The Alay or Alai Range (Алай тоо кыркасы; Алайский хребет) is a mountain range that extends from the Tien Shan mountain range in Kyrgyzstan west into Tajikistan.

Suusamyr Too

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Suusamyr Too (Суусамыр тоо кыркасы) is a mountain range in internal Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan.