Tianjin and Related Topics

The Tianning Pagoda, built around 1120 during the Liao dynasty.

Beijing

Capital of the People's Republic of China.

One of the corner towers of the Forbidden City, built by the Yongle Emperor during the early Ming dynasty

Overlapping layout of Beijing during the Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties

Summer Palace is one of the several palatial gardens built by Qing emperors in the northwest suburb area.

Chongwenmen, a gate to the inner walled city, c. 1906

A large portrait of Chiang Kai-shek was displayed above Tiananmen after WWII.

Mao Zedong proclaiming the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949

A scene from the opening ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games.

Landsat 7 Satellite image of Beijing Municipality with the surrounding mountains in dark brown

1940s Nationalist Beijing with predominantly traditional architecture

The sign of Doujiao Hutong, one of the many traditional alleyways in the inner city

Beijing average annual temperatures from 1970 to 2019 during summer (June, July, and August) and winter (December, January, and February). Weather station data from ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/noaa/. For comparison the Global Surface Temperature Anomaly rose by approximately one degree over the same time period.

Heavy air pollution has resulted in widespread smog. These photographs, taken in August 2005, show the variations in Beijing's air quality.

Houhai Lake and Drum Tower at Shichahai, in the Xicheng District

Xidan is one of the oldest and busiest shopping areas in Beijing.

The Taikoo Li Sanlitun shopping arcade is a destination for locals and visitors.

Zhongguancun is a technology hub in Haidian District

Qianmen Avenue, a traditional commercial street outside Qianmen Gate along the southern Central Axis

Beijing Acrobatic Performance (10553642935)

Church of the Saviour, also known as the Xishiku Church, built in 1703

The China Central Television Headquarters building in CBD

Fireworks above Olympic venues during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics

Tai chi (Taijiquan) practitioners at the Fragrant Hills Park

Beijing Workers' Stadium at night as viewed from Sanlitun

Beijing railway station, one of several rail stations in the city

Badaling Expressway overpass near the Great Wall

Typical Beijing traffic signage found at intersections

Terminal 3 of the Beijing Capital International Airport

Two Line 1 trains on the Beijing Subway, which is among the longest and busiest rapid transit systems in the world

Bicyclists during rush hour at the Chang'an Avenue, 2009

KJ-2000 and J-10s started the flypast formation on the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China.

Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions form the Jingjinji megalopolis and the national capital region of China.

Yellow Sea

Marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.

Satellite image of a dust storm over East Asia on 2 March 2008

Migration paths and resting grounds of bar-tailed godwit at the Yellow Sea.

A map of population density around the Yellow Sea in East Asia (1994)

The innermost bay of northwestern Yellow Sea is called the Bohai Sea (previously Pechihli Bay or Chihli Bay), into which flow some of the most important rivers of northern China, such as the Yellow River (through Shandong province and its capital Jinan), the Hai River (through Beijing and Tianjin) and the Liao River (through Liaoning province).

The Grand Canal, under Sui and Tang dynasties.

Grand Canal (China)

Longest canal or artificial river in the world.

The invention of the water-level-adjusting pound lock in the 10th century CE was done in response to the necessity of greater safety for the travel of barge ships along the rougher waters of the Grand Canal.

The Chinese invention of the pound lock system allows for water levels to be raised or lowered to improve travel in the canal.

The Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424) restored the Grand Canal in the Ming era.

Grand Canal. Drawing by William Alexander, draughtsman of the Macartney Embassy to China in 1793.

The Qianlong Emperor's Southern Inspection Tour, Scroll Six: Entering Suzhou along the Grand Canal dated 1770.

Barges on the modern Grand Canal ("Li Canal" section) near Yangzhou

The junction of the Lu Canal and South Canal

The Grand Canal at its northern terminus at Houhai in Beijing.

The South–North Water Transfer Project central route starting point in Nanyang. Looking "upstream", toward the Danjiangkou Reservoir, from which the water is coming.

Starting in Beijing, it passes through Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang to the city of Hangzhou, linking the Yellow River and Yangtze River.

Boxer Rebellion

Anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, known as the "Boxers" in English because many of its members had practised Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing".

Boxer with spear and sword
(Wax Model by George S. Stuart)

A French political propaganda cartoon depicting China as a pie about to be carved up by Queen Victoria (Britain), Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany), Tsar Nicholas II (Russia), Marianne (France) and a samurai (Japan), while Boxer leader Dong Fuxiang protests.

Chinese Muslim troops from Gansu, also known as the Gansu Braves, killed a Japanese diplomat on 11 June 1900. Foreigners called them the "10,000 Islamic rabble."

Japanese marines who served in the Seymour Expedition

Admiral Seymour returning to Tianjin with his wounded men on 26 June

Italian mounted infantry near Tientsin in 1900

Qing imperial soldiers during the Boxer Rebellion

Locations of foreign diplomatic legations and front lines in Beijing during the siege

Capture of the Forts at Taku [Dagu], by Fritz Neumann

Representative U.S., Indian, French, Italian, British, German, Austro-Hungarian and Japanese military and naval personnel in the Allied forces

1900, soldiers burned down the Temple, Shanhaiguan. The destruction of a Chinese temple on the bank of the Pei-Ho, by Amédée Forestier

Han Chinese general Nie Shicheng, who fought both the Boxers and the Allies

Han Chinese general Dong Fuxiang whose Moslem "Gansu Braves" besieged the Legations.

The Boxers bombarded Tianjin in June 1900, and Dong Fuxiang's Muslim troops attacked the British Admiral Seymour and his expeditionary force.

The capture of the southern gate of Tianjin. British troops were positioned on the left, Japanese troops at the centre, French troops on the right.

Chinese troops wearing modern uniforms in 1900

Indian troops at the Temple of Heaven. They were the first to enter the Legation Quarter.

Japanese woodblock print depicting troops of the Eight-Nation Alliance.

Russian officers in Manchuria during the Boxer Rebellion

The Holy Chinese Martyrs of the Eastern Orthodox Church as depicted in an icon commissioned in 1990

The Russian empire occupied Manchuria while the Eight Nation Alliance jointly occupied Zhili province. The rest of China outside of Manchuria and Zhili were unaffected due to the governor generals who participated in the Mutual Protection of Southeast China in 1900.

Execution of Boxers by standing strangulation

American troops during the Boxer Rebellion

French 1901 China expedition commemorative medal. Musée de la Légion d'Honneur.

Foreign armies assemble inside the Forbidden City after capturing Beijing, 28 November 1900

"Boxers" captured by the U.S. 6th Cavalry near Tianjin in 1901. Historians believed they were merely bystanders.

Qing forces of Chinese soldiers in 1899–1901.
Left: two infantrymen of the New Imperial Army. Front: drum major of the regular army. Seated on the trunk: field artilleryman. Right: Boxers.

U.S. Marines fight rebellious Boxers outside Beijing Legation Quarter, 1900. Copy of painting by Sergeant John Clymer.

British and Japanese forces engage Boxers in battle.

An Eight Nation Alliance of American, Austro-Hungarian, British, French, German, Italian, Japanese and Russian troops moved into China to lift the siege and on June 17 stormed the Dagu Fort, at Tianjin.

Hai River

The Hai River (海河, lit. "Sea River"), also known as the Peiho, Pei Ho ("White River"), or Hai Ho, is a Chinese river connecting Beijing to Tianjin and the Bohai Sea.

Nankai University

Zhou Enlai, first Premier of the People's Republic of China and student of the first ever class at Nankai in 1919

Nankai University (NKU or Nankai; ) is a national public research university located in Tianjin, China.

North China

Northern China (a much broader area named Beifang)

North China, or Huabei is a geographical region of China, consisting of the provinces of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia.

Metropolis

Large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.

Skyline of Tokyo, the world's most populous metropolis, with Mount Fuji in the background

Jakarta, the largest and busiest city in Indonesia

Metro Manila, the most populous metropolitan area in the Philippines

Sarajevo, the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Warsaw, the capital and largest city of Poland

London is the largest city in the United Kingdom

Mexico City is Mexico's capital and largest city

New York is the largest city in the U.S.

Kuala Lumpur, the largest city in Malaysia

Rhine-Ruhr is Germany's largest metropolis (the photo shows Dortmund).

Frankfurt is one of Germany's most important cities.

Moscow, the capital and largest city of Russia

Saint Petersburg, the cultural capital and the second-largest city

Yekaterinburg, the fourth-largest city in the country.

Montreal is Canada's largest French-speaking city.

Vancouver is Canada's largest coastal city and most important port.

Sydney is Australia's largest metropolis.

Melbourne is Australia's second-largest metropolis.

Brisbane is Australia's third-largest metropolis.

Perth is the largest city in Western Australia.

Adelaide is the largest city in South Australia.

Gold Coast is Australia's largest regional city.

Second-tier cities are numerous and consist of regional centres, such as Changsha, Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Jinan, Nanjing, Qingdao, Shenyang, Tianjin, Wuhan, and Xi'an, etc.

Tianjin University

National key public research university in Tianjin, China.

In order to carry out the "21st Century Education Revitalizing Action Plan", in late 2000 the Ministry of Education and Tianjin Municipality signed an agreement intending to build Tianjin University into a world-class university for the 21st century, including setting up the Excellence League.

Taku Forts

The Capture of the Forts at Taku by Fritz Neumann

Interior of Angle of North Fort Immediately after Its Capture, 21 August 1860

Model of the Taku Forts in the Dagukou Fort Ruins Museum, Tanggu, China.

View of the gun platform from outside the defensive works.

Dedication plaque at the Dagukou Fort Ruins Museum.

The Taku Forts or Dagu Forts, also called the Peiho Forts are forts located by the Hai River (Peiho River) estuary in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin, in northeastern China.