A report on Transmission medium

Cutaway diagram of Coaxial cable, one example of a transmission medium
RG-59 flexible coaxial cable composed of: <ol type="A" style="list-style-type: upper-latin;"><li>Outer plastic sheath</li><li>Woven copper shield</li><li>Inner dielectric insulator</li><li>Copper core</li></ol>
A bundle of optical fiber
Fiber crew installing a 432-count fiber cable underneath the streets of Midtown Manhattan, New York City
A TOSLINK fiber optic audio cable with red light being shone in one end transmits the light to the other end
A wall-mount cabinet containing optical fiber interconnects. The yellow cables are single mode fibers; the orange and aqua cables are multi-mode fibers: 50/125 µm OM2 and 50/125 µm OM3 fibers respectively.

System or substance that can mediate the propagation of signals for the purposes of telecommunication.

- Transmission medium
Cutaway diagram of Coaxial cable, one example of a transmission medium

8 related topics with Alpha

Overall
Earth station at the satellite communication facility in Raisting, Bavaria, Germany

Telecommunications

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Transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems.

Transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems.

Earth station at the satellite communication facility in Raisting, Bavaria, Germany
Visualization from the Opte Project of the various routes through a portion of the Internet
A replica of one of Chappe's semaphore towers
Optical fiber provides cheaper bandwidth for long-distance communication.
Digital television standards and their adoption worldwide
here
The OSI reference model

The transmission media in telecommunication have evolved through numerous stages of technology, from beacons and other visual signals (such as smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs), to electrical cable and electromagnetic radiation, including light.

A drum produces sound via a vibrating membrane

Sound

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A drum produces sound via a vibrating membrane
Spherical compression (longitudinal) waves
A 'pressure over time' graph of a 20 ms recording of a clarinet tone demonstrates the two fundamental elements of sound: Pressure and Time.
Sounds can be represented as a mixture of their component Sinusoidal waves of different frequencies. The bottom waves have higher frequencies than those above. The horizontal axis represents time.
U.S. Navy F/A-18 approaching the speed of sound. The white halo is formed by condensed water droplets thought to result from a drop in air pressure around the aircraft (see Prandtl–Glauert singularity).
Figure 1. Pitch perception
Figure 2. Duration perception
Figure 3. Loudness perception
Figure 4. Timbre perception
Approximate frequency ranges corresponding to ultrasound, with rough guide of some applications

In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.

Frequency-dependent attenuation of electromagnetic radiation in standard atmosphere.

Attenuation

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Frequency-dependent attenuation of electromagnetic radiation in standard atmosphere.
Specular reflection
Diffuse reflection

In physics, attenuation or, in some contexts, extinction is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium.

A ray of light being refracted in a plastic block.

Refraction

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A ray of light being refracted in a plastic block.
Refraction of light at the interface between two media of different refractive indices, with n2 > n1. Since the phase velocity is lower in the second medium (v2 < v1), the angle of refraction θ2 is less than the angle of incidence θ1; that is, the ray in the higher-index medium is closer to the normal.
A pen partially submerged in a bowl of water appears bent due to refraction at the water surface.
When a wave moves into a slower medium the wavefronts get compressed. For the wavefronts to stay connected at the boundary the wave must change direction.
A pencil part immersed in water looks bent due to refraction: the light waves from X change direction and so seem to originate at Y.
An image of the Golden Gate Bridge is refracted and bent by many differing three-dimensional drops of water.
The sun appears slightly flattened when close to the horizon due to refraction in the atmosphere.
Heat haze in the engine exhaust above a diesel locomotive.
Mirage over a hot road.
Water waves are almost parallel to the beach when they hit it because they gradually refract towards land as the water gets shallower.

In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another.

Different types of physical transmission media supporting communication channels

Communication channel

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Different types of physical transmission media supporting communication channels

A communication channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking.

Aether theories

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In physics, aether theories (also known as ether theories) propose the existence of a medium, a space-filling substance or field as a transmission medium for the propagation of electromagnetic or gravitational forces.

Optical medium

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Material through which light and other electromagnetic waves propagate.

Material through which light and other electromagnetic waves propagate.

It is a form of transmission medium.

The propagation of SV-wave in a homogeneous half-space (The horizontal displacement field)

Wave propagation

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Any of the ways in which waves travel.

Any of the ways in which waves travel.

The propagation of SV-wave in a homogeneous half-space (The horizontal displacement field)
The propagation of SV-wave in a homogeneous half-space (The vertical displacement field)
Seismic wave propagation in 2D modelled using FDTD method in the presence of a landmine

Other wave types cannot propagate through a vacuum and need a transmission medium to exist.