Travel to work area

Map of the London TTW area (red) showing the main road and rail links into the city.

Statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres, to indicate an area where the population would generally commute to a larger town, city or conurbation for the purposes of employment.

- Travel to work area

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Conurbation

Region comprising a number of metropolises, cities, large towns, and other urban areas that, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban or industrially developed area.

Satellite photo from 2012 showing Sydney in the centre, with Wollongong visible on the left and the Central Coast on the right

Nocturnal view of the New York City metropolitan area, the world's most brightly illuminated conurbation and largest urban landmass. Long Island extends 120 miles eastward from Manhattan, the central core of the conurbation.

Rhine-Ruhr, the largest conurbation of the European continent

2011 Rural Urban classification by Local Authority Districts in England

2011 Rural Urban classification by census Output Areas in England

In most cases, a conurbation is a polycentric urbanised area, in which transportation has developed to link areas to create a single urban labour market or travel to work area.

Metropolitan area

Region consisting of a densely populated Urban Agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing.

The United Kingdom government's Office for National Statistics defines "travel to work areas" as areas where "at least 75% of an area's resident workforce work in the area and at least 75% of the people who work in the area also live in the area".

State of the English Cities

2006 study of the social and economic performance of the major cities of England, sponsored by the Communities and Local Government department of the United Kingdom Government.

Instead of focussing on political areas statistics were therefore published for primary urban areas and travel to work areas, as respectively physical and economic models of cities' extent, and areas of town centre activity, reflecting cities' central business districts.

Wells, Somerset

Cathedral city and civil parish in the Mendip district of Somerset, located on the southern edge of the Mendip Hills, 21 mi south-east of Weston-super-Mare, 22 mi south-west of Bath and 23 mi south of Bristol.

One of the three wells which give the city its name; two are located in the gardens of the Bishop's Palace (as shown) and one in the Market Place.

The Market Place is the site of one of the city's ancient wells (note the water flowing in the gully, down High Street); the Bishop's Eye gatehouse (to the Bishop's Palace) is at the far end; two of Wells Cathedral's towers can be seen rising behind the buildings.

Looking west from the tower of the cathedral

Wells stations on the Railway Clearing House map.

The Music School of Wells Cathedral School

Interior of Wells Cathedral, showing inverted arches inserted in 1338 to strengthen the building

The gates of Rowdens Road Cricket Ground dedicated to Mary Bignal-Rand

The Bishop's Palace gatehouse and drawbridge

Wells is part of the Wells and Shepton Mallet travel to work area which also includes Glastonbury, Cheddar and surrounding areas.

Kampala

Capital and largest city of Uganda.

Kampala, the city from Cathedral Hill in 1936.

Ndere Centre in Kampala is a centre where all traditional Ugandan dances are represented. This dance is from the south of Uganda, on the border with Rwanda.

Traditional Fishermen on Lake Victoria outside Kampala

Standard Bank building in downtown Kampala

St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral located on Namirembe Hill

Rubaga Cathedral, the seat for the Roman Catholic Church

Nelson Mandela National Stadium, the home of the national football team, the Uganda Cranes

On 11 April 2011, the pressure group Activists for Change (A4C) held its first Walk to Work protest near Kampala, in response to a comment by President Museveni on the increased cost of fuel, which had risen by 50 percent between January and April 2011.

Greater Bristol

Term used for the conurbation which contains and surrounds the city of Bristol in the South West of England.

The boundaries of the County of Avon, which administered the area from 1974 to 1996, were similar to those of the Bristol travel to work area as originally defined in the 1950s.

Leigh, Greater Manchester

Town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England, on low-lying land northwest of Chat Moss.

The coat of arms of the former Leigh Municipal Borough Council

Leigh Library, [1971], also houses Turnpike Gallery & Derby Room

Leigh Sports Village stadium under construction in May 2008

Most of Leigh is within the Warrington & Wigan travel to work area (TTWA), whilst part of the eastern side of the town is within the Manchester TTWA.

Glasgow

Most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe.

Shipping on the Clyde, Atkinson Grimshaw, 1881

Sauchiehall Street during World War II (1943)

Glasgow City Chambers, located on George Square, is the headquarters of Glasgow City Council and the seat of local government in the city, circa 1900.

Councillor Susan Aitken, the leader of Glasgow City Council since 2017

Panorama over Glasgow's South Side and West End from Queen's Park, looking north west. Left of centre can be seen the Clyde Arc bridge at Finnieston, while beyond is the tower of the University of Glasgow, with the Campsie Fells in the distance on the right.

The Clyde Arc, also known locally as the "Squinty Bridge"

Looking down Buchanan Street towards St Enoch subway station

The Tolbooth Steeple dominates Glasgow Cross and marks the east side of the Merchant City.

The International Financial Services District alongside the River Clyde

Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum is Glasgow's premier museum and art gallery, housing one of Europe's best civic art collections.

Pacific Quay sits within the south side of Glasgow, and is home to some of the city's largest businesses and employers.

Ruchill Church, seen from the Forth and Clyde Canal

Established by wealthy tobacco merchant Stephen Mitchell, the Mitchell Library is now one of the largest public reference libraries in Europe

The OVO Hydro arena is the second-busiest arena venue in the world.

View of the entrance to the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall

Glasgow is home to the HQ of BBC Scotland in Pacific Quay

Glasgow Cathedral marks the site where Saint Mungo built his church and established Glasgow

RMS Queen Elizabeth 2, better known as the QE2, was built in Glasgow at the John Brown Shipyard on the River Clyde.

is largely regarded as a sign of Glaswegian powerhouse shipbuilding industry.

A view towards the city centre of Glasgow, home to some of Scotland's largest industries and employers

Glasgow Central station is the northern terminus of the West Coast Main Line.

Glasgow Queen Street station is the main connection for rail services to Edinburgh and the Scottish Highlands.

Buchanan Bus Station is the main bus terminal within Glasgow.

The M8, which crosses the Clyde over the Kingston Bridge, is Scotland's busiest motorway.

20th-century-style houses within the neighbourhood of Hillsborough Road

Queen Elizabeth University Hospital is the largest hospital campus in Europe.

The University of Glasgow is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and among the world's top 100 universities.

Glasgow is home to Hampden Park, home of the Scotland national football team.

Emirates Arena in Glasgow, one of the designated stadiums constructed for the 2014 Commonwealth Games

The aftermath of the 2007 Glasgow Airport attack, the first terrorist attack to take place in Scotland since the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie in 1988

The population of the city council area was 593,245 in 2011 and around 2,300,000 people live in the Glasgow travel to work area.

Larbert

Small town in the Falkirk council area of Scotland.

A map showing the boundaries of the Falkirk Council area, one of the 32 Unitary authorities of Scotland. Larbert sits to the north of the council area.

The point at which Larbert merges into Stenhousemuir is known as "The Brae". The photograph is taken looking east into Stenhousemuir, with Larbert West Church in the foreground.

A street in the South Broomage area of Larbert with a mix of housing types

Central Business Park is home to a range of light service industries.

The southbound platform of Larbert railway station showing the main station building, which dates from 1976

Public Transport hub in the centre of Larbert, close to the railway station, showing new brownfield housing development in the background

Larbert Old Parish Church, built in 1820, stands above the River Carron on Larbert Cross.

Larbert sits in the travel to work area for both Edinburgh and Glasgow, with many residents commuting to work there daily.

South Hampshire

Term used mainly to refer to the conurbation formed by the city of Portsmouth, city of Southampton and the non-metropolitan boroughs of Gosport, Fareham, Havant and Eastleigh in southern Hampshire, South East England.

Map of the districts making up Portsmouth urban area (blue) and Southampton urban area (red)

Slightly further out there are many satellite towns that may not be directly attached to Southampton or Portsmouth, or necessarily in their Travel to work areas, but are nonetheless still heavily reliant on the two cities for employment and services.