Venice and Related Topics

Republic of Venice

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The Doge of Venice, illustrated in the manuscript Théâtre de tous les peuples et nations de la terre avec leurs habits et ornemens divers, tant anciens que modernes, diligemment depeints au naturel. Painted by Lucas d'Heere in the 2nd half of the 16th century. Preserved by the Ghent University Library.

Map of the Venetian Republic, circa 1000

Procession in St Mark's Square by Gentile Bellini in 1496

Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice during the War of the League of Cambrai.

The Venetian fort of Palamidi in Nafplion, Greece, one of many forts that secured Venetian trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Greater coat of arms of the Republic, with its various possessions and claims, in the aftermath of the Morean War

Drawing of the Doge's Palace, late 14th century

The governmental structure of the Venetian Republic

The hearing given by the Doge in the Sala del Collegio in Doge's Palace by Francesco Guardi, 1775–80

Voyage of Marco Polo into the Far East during the Pax Mongolica

The Piraeus Lion in Venice, in front of the Venetian Arsenal

Relief of the Venetian Lion on the Landward Gate in Zara (Zadar), capital of the Venetian Dalmatia

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Parenzo (Poreč)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Cattaro (Kotor)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Candia (Heraklion)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Frangokastello, Crete

Venetian blazon with the Lion of Saint Mark, as frequently found on the New Fortress walls, Corfu.

The sack of Constantinople in 1204 on a mosaic in the San Giovanni Evangelista church in Ravenna, 1213

The Republic of Venice (Repubblica di Venezia; Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic (Repubblica Veneta; Repùblega Vèneta), traditionally known as La Serenissima (Most Serene Republic of Venice; Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia; Serenìsima Res-piovega de Venèsia), was a sovereign state and maritime republic in parts of present-day Italy (mainly northeastern Italy) which existed for 1100 years from 697 AD until 1797 AD. Centered on the lagoon communities of the prosperous city of Venice, it incorporated numerous overseas possessions in modern Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Greece, Albania and Cyprus.

Veneto

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One of the 20 regions of Italy.

Venice, the primary tourist destination and the capital of Veneto

The Tetrarchs were the four co-rulers who governed the Roman Empire as long as Diocletian's reform lasted. Here they are portrayed embracing, in a posture of harmony, in a porphyry sculpture dating from the 4th century, produced in Anatolia, located today on a corner of St Mark's Basilica in Venice.

The Horses of Saint Mark, brought as loot from Constantinople in 1204.

An 18th-century view of Venice by Canaletto.

The 13th-century Castel Brando in Cison di Valmarino, Treviso.

St Mark's Basilica, the seat of the Patriarch of Venice.

The Prato della Valle in Padua, a work of Italian Renaissance architecture.

Antonio Canova's Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss.

The Church of Santa Maria della Salute in Venice

A trait that shows the structure of the Calà del Sasso

The region's capital is Venice while the biggest city is Verona.

Italy

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Country that consists of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and several islands surrounding it; its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region.

Expansion of the territory called "Italy" from ancient Greece until Diocletian

The Iron Crown of Lombardy, for centuries a symbol of the Kings of Italy

Marco Polo, explorer of the 13th century, recorded his 24 years-long travels in the Book of the Marvels of the World, introducing Europeans to Central Asia and China.

The Italian states before the beginning of the Italian Wars in 1494

Leonardo da Vinci, the quintessential Renaissance man, in a self-portrait (ca. 1512, Royal Library, Turin)

Christopher Columbus leads an expedition to the New World, 1492. His voyages are celebrated as the discovery of the Americas from a European perspective, and they opened a new era in the history of humankind and sustained contact between the two worlds.

Flag of the Cispadane Republic, which was the first Italian tricolour adopted by a sovereign Italian state (1797)

Holographic copy of 1847 of Il Canto degli Italiani, the Italian national anthem since 1946

Animated map of the Italian unification from 1829 to 1871

The Victor Emmanuel II Monument in Rome, a national symbol of Italy celebrating the first king of the unified country, and resting place of the Italian Unknown Soldier since the end of World War I. It was inaugurated in 1911, on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the Unification of Italy.

The fascist dictator Benito Mussolini titled himself Duce and ruled the country from 1922 to 1943.

Areas controlled by the Italian Empire at its peak

Italian partisans in Milan during the Italian Civil War, April 1945

Alcide De Gasperi, first republican Prime Minister of Italy and one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union

The signing ceremony of the Treaty of Rome on 25 March 1957, creating the European Economic Community, forerunner of the present-day European Union

Funerals of the victims of the Bologna bombing of 2 August 1980, the deadliest attack ever perpetrated in Italy during the Years of Lead

Italian government task force to face the COVID-19 emergency

Dolphins in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Aeolian Islands

Gran Paradiso, established in 1922, is the oldest Italian national park.

The Italian wolf, the national animal of Italy

Köppen-Geiger climate classification map of Italy

The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of Italy.

An Alfa Romeo 159 vehicle of the Carabinieri corps

Group photo of the G7 leaders at the 43rd G7 summit in Taormina

Heraldic coat of arms of the Italian Armed Forces

A proportional representation of Italy exports, 2019

Milan is the economic capital of Italy, and is a global financial centre and a fashion capital of the world.

The Autostrada dei Laghi ("Lakes Motorway"), the first motorway built in the world

FS' Frecciarossa 1000 high speed train, with a maximum speed of 400 km/h

Trieste, the main port of the northern Adriatic and starting point of the Transalpine Pipeline

ENI is considered one of the world's oil and gas "Supermajors".

Solar panels in Piombino. Italy is one of the world's largest producers of renewable energy.

Galileo Galilei, the father of modern science, physics and astronomy

Enrico Fermi, creator of the world's first first nuclear reactor

The Amalfi Coast is one of Italy's major tourist destinations.

Map of Italy's population density at the 2011 census

Italy is home to a large population of migrants from Eastern Europe and North Africa.

Linguistic map showing the languages spoken in Italy

Vatican City, the Holy See's sovereign territory

Bologna University, established in AD 1088, is the world's oldest academic institution.

Olive oil and vegetables are central to the Mediterranean diet.

The Last Supper (1494–1499), Leonardo da Vinci, Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

Michelangelo's David (1501–1504), Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence

The Birth of Venus (1484–1486), Sandro Botticelli, Uffizi Gallery, Florence

Dante shown holding a copy of the Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the mount of Purgatory and the city of Florence, with the spheres of Heaven above, in Michelino's fresco, 1465

Niccolò Machiavelli, founder of modern political science and ethics

Pinocchio is one of the world's most translated books and a canonical piece of children's literature.

Clockwise from top left: Thomas Aquinas, proponent of natural theology and the Father of Thomism; Giordano Bruno, one of the major scientific figures of the Western world; Cesare Beccaria, considered the Father of criminal justice and modern criminal law; and Maria Montessori, credited with the creation of the Montessori education

Statues of Pantalone and Harlequin, two stock characters from the Commedia dell'arte, in the Museo Teatrale alla Scala

Dario Fo, one of the most widely performed playwrights in modern theatre, received international acclaim for his highly improvisational style.

Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer whose operas, including La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently worldwide performed in the standard repertoire

Luciano Pavarotti, considered one of the finest tenors of the 20th century and the "King of the High Cs"

Giorgio Moroder, pioneer of Italo disco and electronic dance music, is known as the "Father of disco".

The Azzurri in 2012. Football is the most popular sport in Italy.

Starting in 1909, the Giro d'Italia is the Grands Tours' second oldest.

A Ferrari SF21 by Scuderia Ferrari, the most successful Formula One team

Prada shop at Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan

The traditional recipe for spaghetti with tomato and basil sauce

The Frecce Tricolori, with the smoke trails representing the national colours of Italy, during the celebrations of the Festa della Repubblica

The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world.

Many watercourses and coastal stretches have also been contaminated by industrial and agricultural activity, while because of rising water levels, Venice has been regularly flooded throughout recent years.

Venetian Lagoon

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The island of Torcello seen from the Lagoon at low tide

San Lazzaro degli Armeni, has been an important center of Armenian culture for around 300 years.

The Venetian Lagoon (Laguna di Venezia; Łaguna de Venesia) is an enclosed bay of the Adriatic Sea, in northern Italy, in which the city of Venice is situated.

Adriatic Sea

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Body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Illyrian Peninsula.

Bay of Kotor, a ria in the Southern Adriatic

Gjipe Canyon in southern Albania, where the Adriatic Sea meets the Ionian Sea

Schematic layout of Adriatic Sea currents

A submarine spring near Omiš, observed through sea surface rippling

As seen from the map, most of the landmass surrounding the Adriatic sea is classified as Cfa, with the southern region (near the Ionian sea) being Csa.

Sediment billowing out from Italy's shore into the Adriatic

Pebble beach at Brač island, in the Adriatic Sea within Croatia

Pula Arena, one of the six largest surviving Roman amphitheatres

Mosaic of Emperor Justinian and his court, from the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy

The Republic of Venice was a leading maritime power in Europe

The last moments of SMS Szent István, hit and sank by the Italian MAS

The Duce Benito Mussolini in a beach of Riccione, in 1932

The town of Izola in the Gulf of Koper, southwestern Slovenia

A Trabucco, old fishing machine typical of Abruzzo region in Italy

Port of Trieste, the largest port in the Adriatic

Rimini is a major seaside tourist resort in Italy

The Barcolana regatta in Trieste, Italy, was named "the greatest sailing race" by the Guinness World Record for its 2,689 boats and over 16,000 sailors on the starting line.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sail-world.com/news/218597/Barcolana-the-largest-regatta-in-the-world |title=Barcolana, the largest regatta in the world is presented in London |website=Sail World}}</ref>

The Zlatni Rat (Golden Cape) on the island of Brač

The Palace of the Emperor Diocletian in Split

The coast of Neum, the only town to be situated along Bosnia and Herzegovina's {{convert|20|km|0|abbr=on}} of coastline

Portorož is the largest seaside tourist centre in Slovenia

Port of Durrës, the largest port in Albania

Port of Rijeka, the largest cargo port in Croatia

Port of Koper, the largest port in Slovenia

Port of Trieste, the largest cargo port in the Adriatic

Port of Bar, the largest seaport in Montenegro

The Adriatic's shores are populated by more than 3.5 million people; the largest cities are Bari, Venice, Trieste and Split.

Padua

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City and comune in Veneto, northern Italy.

Remnants of Padua's Roman amphitheatre wall

The Botanical Garden of Padova today; in the background, the Basilica of Sant'Antonio

The unfinished façade of Padua Cathedral

Clock tower and Lion of St. Mark, symbol of the Serenissima Repubblic

Last Judgment by Giotto, part of the Scrovegni Chapel.

This tempera, Two Christians before the Judges, hangs in the city's Cathedral.

Loggia Amulea, as seen from Prato della Valle

Torre degli Anziani as seen from Piazza della Frutta

The Astronomical clock as seen from Piazza dei Signori

Padua is on the river Bacchiglione, west of Venice.

Grand Canal (Venice)

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Vaporetti (water buses) carry passengers through the Grand Canal

Two gondoliers pull out with clients on board from a row of gondolas on the Grand Canal near the Rialto Bridge

The Grand Canal from Ponte dell'Accademia; in the foreground Palazzo Cavalli-Franchetti, in the distance Santa Maria della Salute

The Grand Canal in Venice, Italy, shot at night from Rialto Bridge

The Grand Canal in Venice from Palazzo Flangini to Campo San Marcuola, Canaletto, about 1738. The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

The Grand Canal (Canal Grande ; Canal Grando, anciently Canałasso ) is a channel in Venice, Italy.

Portrait of Dante Alighieri by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, Uffizi Gallery Florence

Italian Renaissance

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Period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries.

Pandolfo Malatesta (1417–1468), lord of Rimini, by Piero della Francesca. Malatesta was a capable condottiere, following the tradition of his family. He was hired by the Venetians to fight against the Turks (unsuccessfully) in 1465, and was the patron of Leone Battista Alberti, whose Tempio Malatestiano at Rimini is one of the first entirely classical buildings of the Renaissance.

Portrait of Cosimo de' Medici by Jacopo Pontormo

Leonardo da Vinci, Italian Renaissance Man

Giulio Clovio, Adoration of the Magi and Solomon Adored by the Queen of Sheba from the Farnese Hours, 1546

Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527), the author of The Prince and prototypical Renaissance man. Detail from a portrait by Santi di Tito.

Petrarch, from the Cycle of Famous Men and Women. ca. 1450. Detached fresco. 247 x. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Italy. Artist: Andrea di Bartolo di Bargilla (ca. 1423–1457).

Detail of The Last Judgment, 1536–1541, by Michelangelo

Bramante's Tempietto in San Pietro in Montorio, Rome, 1502

Renaissance culture later spread to Venice, heart of a Mediterranean empire and in control of the trade routes with the east since its participation in the crusades and following the journeys of Marco Polo between 1271 and 1295.