Viper telescope

Temperature of the cosmic background radiation spectrum based on COBE data: uncorrected (top); corrected for the dipole term due to our peculiar velocity (middle); corrected for contributions from the dipole term and from our galaxy (bottom).

Mainly used to view cosmic background radiation.

- Viper telescope

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Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station

United States scientific research station at the South Pole of the Earth.

Geographic South Pole
The communication office at the South Pole
The main entrance to the former geodesic dome ramped down from the surface level. The base of the dome was originally at the surface level of the ice cap, but the base had been slowly buried by snow and ice.
An aerial view of the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station taken in about 1983. The central dome is shown along with the arches, with various storage buildings, and other auxiliary buildings such as garages and hangars.
The dome in January 2009, as seen from the new elevated station.
Ceremonial South Pole (the dome in the background was dismantled in 2009–2010).
January 2010: The last section of the old dome, before it was removed the next day.
An aerial view of the Amundsen–Scott Station in January 2005. The older domed station is visible on the right-hand side of this photo.
The Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station during the 2007–2008 summer season.
A photo of the station at night. The new station can be seen in the far left, the electric power plant is in the center, and the old vehicle mechanic's garage in the lower right. The green light in the sky is part of the aurora australis.

Such experiments include the Python, Viper, and DASI telescopes, as well as the 10 m South Pole Telescope.

Cosmic microwave background

Electromagnetic radiation which is a remnant from an early stage of the universe, also known as "relic radiation".

Graph of cosmic microwave background spectrum measured by the FIRAS instrument on the COBE, the most precisely measured black body spectrum in nature. The error bars are too small to be seen even in an enlarged image, and it is impossible to distinguish the observed data from the theoretical curve.
The Holmdel Horn Antenna on which Penzias and Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background. The antenna was constructed in 1959 to support Project Echo—the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's passive communications satellites, which used large earth orbiting aluminized plastic balloons as reflectors to bounce radio signals from one point on the Earth to another.
The power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation temperature anisotropy in terms of the angular scale (or multipole moment). The data shown comes from the WMAP (2006), Acbar (2004) Boomerang (2005), CBI (2004), and VSA (2004) instruments. Also shown is a theoretical model (solid line).
This artist's impression shows how light from the early universe is deflected by the gravitational lensing effect of massive cosmic structures forming B-modes as it travels across the universe.
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Comparison of CMB results from COBE, WMAP and Planck (March 21, 2013)

Its detectors were trialled in the Antarctic Viper telescope as ACBAR (Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver) experiment—which has produced the most precise measurements at small angular scales to date—and in the Archeops balloon telescope.

Observational cosmology

Study of the structure, the evolution and the origin of the universe through observation, using instruments such as telescopes and cosmic ray detectors.

the CMB seen by WMAP

Its detectors got a trial run at the Antarctic Viper telescope as ACBAR (Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver) experiment – which has produced the most precise measurements at small angular scales to date – and at the Archeops balloon telescope.

Degree Angular Scale Interferometer

Telescope installed at the U.S. National Science Foundation's Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica.

Other telescopes which have been or are at the station include the Viper, Python, and the South Pole Telescope.