Xinjiang and Related Topics

Sibe people

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A c. 1809 map of the Ili Region with south on top showing the Sibe Eight Banners (锡伯八旗) stationed across the Ili River from the Manchu Fort Huiyuan (惠远城), exactly where Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County is nowadays

The Sibe or Xibo, are an Tungusic-speaking East Asian ethnic group living mostly in Xinjiang, Jilin and Shenyang in Liaoning.

Tibet Autonomous Region

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Province-level autonomous region of the People's Republic of China in Southwest China.

Maitreya Buddha statue of Tashilhunpo Monastery in Shigatse

Lhasa Gonggar Airport, the biggest airport in TAR

The Tibet Autonomous Region spans over 1200000 km2 and is the second-largest province-level division of China by area, after Xinjiang.

(Xinjiang), highlighted red, shown within China

The Xinjiang conflict, also known as the East Turkistan conflict, Uyghur–Chinese conflict or Sino-East Turkistan conflict (as argued by the East Turkistan Government-in-Exile), is an ongoing ethnic geopolitical conflict in what is now China's far-northwest autonomous region of Xinjiang also known as East Turkistan.

Kyrgyz people

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The Kyrgyz people (also spelled Kyrghyz, Kirgiz, and Kirghiz) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, primarily Kyrgyzstan.

China's Kyrgyz people (柯尔克孜族) portrayed on a poster near the Niujie Mosque in Beijing. (Fourth from the left, between the Dongxiang and the Kam).

With the rise to power, the center of the Kyrgyz Khaganate moved to Jeti-su, and brought about a spread south of the Kyrgyz people, to reach Tian Shan mountains and Xinjiang, bringing them into contact with the existing peoples of western China, especially Tibet.

Ladakh

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Region administered by India as a union territory, which constitutes a part of the larger Kashmir region and has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947.

The empire of Kyide Nyimagon divided among his three sons, c. 930 CE. The border between Ladakh/Maryul and Guge-Purang is shown in a thin dotted line, north of Gartok

Royal drinking scene at Alchi Monastery, Ladakh, circa 1200 CE. The king wears a decorated Qabā', of Turco-Persian style. It is similar to [[:File:Royal drinking scene at the entrance of the western monastery at Manguy, 11th to 13th century CE.jpg|another royal scene]] at nearby Mangyu Monastery.

Jama Masjid of Leh next to the Leh Palace

The empire of kings Tsewang Namgyal and Jamyang Namgyal, about 1560–1600 CE

Cham dance during Dosmoche festival in Leh Palace

The disputed territory of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir: divided between Pakistan (green), India (blue) and China (yellow)

Ladakh (L) shown in the wider Kashmir region

The confluence of the Indus (flowing left-to-right) and Zanskar (coming in from top) rivers.

The black-necked crane comes to India every year for breeding. Photograph has been taken at Tso Kar, Ladakh.

Sul-ma, woman's woollen dress (detail), Ladakh, late 19th-early 20th century

First ever Khelo India Winter Games in Ladakh

Ladakhi Perak Headdress courtesy the Wovenosuls collection

Indian Astronomical Observatory near Leh

Ladakh horsemen, depicted in Alchi Monastery, circa 13th century CE

Statue of Maitreya at Likir Monastery, Leh district

Trees nestled in front of the Himalayas near Leh

Carved stone tablets, each with the inscription "Om Mani Padme Hum" along the paths of Zanskar

Ladakh is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east, the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh to the south, both the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan to the west, and the southwest corner of Xinjiang across the Karakoram Pass in the far north.

East Turkestan independence movement

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Political movement that seeks the independence of East Turkestan, a large and sparsely-populated region in northwest China, as a homeland for the Uyghur people.

This emblem, featuring the basmalah-stylized tughra (calligraphic monogram), is sometimes used alongside the flag above.

The Second East Turkestan Republic was a short-lived Soviet-backed unrecognized republic in northern Xinjiang.

ETGIE members at Capitol Hill on 14 September 2004

The region is currently administered as a province-level subdivision of the People's Republic of China (PRC), under the official name Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR).

Oirats

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The Zunghar Khanate at 1750 (light-blue color)

This map fragment shows territories of the Zunghar Khanate as in 1706. (Map Collection of the Library of Congress: "Carte de Tartarie" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675–1726))

Oirats (Ойрад, Oirad, or Ойрд, Oird; ; in the past, also Eleuths) are the westernmost group of the Mongols whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of Siberia, Xinjiang and Western Mongolia.

Map of Central Asia (1873) from T. Douglas Forsyth. Khotan is near top right corner. The border claimed by the British Indian Empire is shown in the two-toned purple and pink band with Shahidulla and the Kilik, Kilian and Sanju Passes north of the border.

Aksai Chin

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The map shows the Indian and Chinese claims of the border in the Aksai Chin region, the Macartney-MacDonald line, the Foreign Office Line, as well as the progress of Chinese forces as they occupied areas during the Sino-Indian War.

The map given by Hung Ta-chen to the British consul at Kashgar in 1893. The boundary, marked with a thin dot-dashed line, matches the Johnson line:pp. 73, 78

Postal map of China published by the Republic of China in 1917. The boundary in Aksai Chin is as per the Johnson line.

Map including the Aksai Chin region (AMS, 1950)

A 1988 CIA map of the western Indo-Chinese border, showing Aksai Chin and other contested territories

Northern plains of Aksai Chin looking towards Qitai Daban (Khitai Dawan)

Aksai Chin is a region administered by China as part of Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang and Rutog County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet.

The eight main dialect areas of Mandarin in Mainland China

Han Chinese

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East Asian ethnic group and nation native to China.

The main varieties of Chinese in mainland China and Taiwan

A female servant and male advisor dressed in silk robes, ceramic figurines from the Western Han era

Map of Tang China in 742, showing the major provinces of the empire

Han Chinese man wears a queue in compliance with Manchu custom during the Qing dynasty

Zhang Zeduan's painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival captures the daily life of people from the Song dynasty at the capital, Bianjing, today's Kaifeng.

A Song dynasty Chinese painting Night Revels of Han Xizai showing scholars in scholar's robes and musicians dressed in a Hanfu variant, 12th-century remake of a 10th-century original by Gu Hongzhong.

A traditional representation of The Vinegar Tasters, an allegorical image representing Buddhists, Confucianists, and Taoists

Map showing the expansion of Han dynasty in the 2nd century BC.

Han Chinese are almost the majority in every Chinese province, municipality, and autonomous region except for the autonomous regions of Xinjiang (38% or 40% in 2010) and Tibet Autonomous Region (8% in 2014), where Uighurs and Tibetans are the majority, respectively.