A report on Zakonopravilo

First page of St. Sava's Nomocanon, 1262 manuscript
Fresco of Saint Sava, Studenica Monastery

The highest code in the Serbian Orthodox Church, finished in 1219.

- Zakonopravilo
First page of St. Sava's Nomocanon, 1262 manuscript

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Fresco detail of Saint Sava in Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć monastery, Serbia

Saint Sava

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Serbian prince and Orthodox monk, the first Archbishop of the autocephalous Serbian Church, the founder of Serbian law, and a diplomat.

Serbian prince and Orthodox monk, the first Archbishop of the autocephalous Serbian Church, the founder of Serbian law, and a diplomat.

Fresco detail of Saint Sava in Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć monastery, Serbia
Sava blessing Serb youth, Uroš Predić (1921).
Crowning of Stefan, by Anastas Jovanović.
Fresco in Mileševa.
Sava reconciling his quarreling brothers, Paja Jovanović (1901)
Fresco detail of Saint Sava in Studenica Monastery, Serbia
Mar Saba, where Sava founded Serbian cells
Trojeručica, a serbian orthodox icon
Sava died ill on his way home from the Holy Land, on 12 January 1235, in Tarnovo, Bulgarian Empire.
Fresco from Saint Sava in Monastery Bogorodica Ljeviška
The burning of Saint Sava's relics by the Ottomans after the Banat Uprising, on April 27, 1595. Painting by Stevan Aleksić (1912)
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1262 transcript of the Zakonopravilo (1220).
Fresco in Gracanica Monastery.
Studenica
Mileševa
Hilandar

In 1219 the Patriarchate exiled in Nicea recognized him as the first Serbian Archbishop, and in the same year he authored the oldest known constitution of Serbia, the Zakonopravilo nomocanon, thus securing full independence; both religious and political.

Remains of Ras, medieval capital of Serbia (12th-13th century)

Serbia in the Middle Ages

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Serbia in the Middle Ages refers to the medieval period in the history of Serbia.

Serbia in the Middle Ages refers to the medieval period in the history of Serbia.

Remains of Ras, medieval capital of Serbia (12th-13th century)
Serbian Orthodox Monastery of Dečani, built in the 14th century
Serbian Orthodox Monastery of Gračanica
Byzantine provinces on the territory of modern Serbia during the 6th century
Principality of Serbia and other Slavic principalities in ca. 814 AD.
Seal of prince Strojimir of Serbia, from the late 9th century
Byzantine Emperor Basil I receiving delegations of Serbs and Croats
Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in Stari Ras, finished in the 9th century
Serbian Principality in the 10th century
Icon representing prince Jovan Vladimir, the first canonized Serb
Serbs massacre the Byzantines in the mountain passes, Madrid Skylitzes.
Serbian king Mihailo Vojislavljević. Fresco in the Church of Saint Michael in Ston
Seal of Constantine Bodin (11th century)
State of Constantine Bodin (c. undefined 1090)
Fresco of the grand župan Vukan, who established the Vukanović dynasty
Serbia on the map of Europe in 1135, during the reign of Uroš I
The medieval fresco of Saint Simeon (Stefan Nemanja) in Studenica Monastery
Map of Southeastern Europe in 1265, including the Medieval Kingdom of Serbia
The Proclamation of Dušan's Law Codex, by Paja Jovanović (1900)
Map of the Serbian Empire in 1355
States that emerged after the dissolution of Serbian Empire in the second half of the 14th century
Serbian Despotate in 1421–1427
Serbian Despotate in 1455-1459
Smederevo Fortress today. With its fall in 1459, the medieval Serbian state was extinguished.
Possible representation of Serbian nobleman Paskač and his family, monastery Psača near Kriva Palanka, North Macedonia. Dated middle of the 14th century.
Representation of the Radič, the Grand Čelnik in the Vraćevšnica monastery. Radič, the nobleman and a dignitary, lived in the 15th century.
Dušan's Code, the "constitution" of the 14th century Serbia
Medieval Serbian weapons The National Museum in Požarevac
The tradition of badnjak predates the Christianization, but the custom survived being incorporated into the modern celebration of Christmas
Temnić inscription (11th century)
The futhark found in Breza, Bosnia
Miroslav Gospel, one of the oldest surviving documents written in Serbian recension of Church Slavonic, created by order of Prince Miroslav of Hum
Neumes - medieval musical notes by Serbian composer Kir Stefan the Serb, museum of Smederevo
Hemp fiber, once extensively used for the cloths by the commoners, today is rarely used as a fabric.
Serbian medieval noblewoman, National museum in Požarevac
Part of the fresco "Mourning of Anna Dandolo", which depicts noblemen in their attire
Modern rendering of the ancient cooking "under the sač"
Malvasia grapes, one of the most popular varieties in Medieval Serbia
Illustration from a 16th-century illustrated manuscript copy of the Mining Code, issued by despot Stefan Lazarević (d. 1427)
Princess Jelena Lazarević (1365-1443)
Slavic migrations to the Balkans.
Approximate location of South Slavic tribes, per V. V. Sedov 1995.

In the same year Sava issued the first constitution in Serbia, the Zakonopravilo.

Constitution of the Year XII (First French Republic)

Constitution

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Aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.

Aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.

Constitution of the Year XII (First French Republic)
Constitution of the Kingdom of Naples in 1848.
Detail from Hammurabi's stele shows him receiving the laws of Babylon from the seated sun deity.
Diagram illustrating the classification of constitutions by Aristotle.
Third volume of the compilation of Catalan Constitutions of 1585
The Cossack Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk, 1710.
A painting depicting George Washington at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 signing of the U.S. Constitution
Constitution of May 3, 1791 (painting by Jan Matejko, 1891). Polish King Stanisław August (left, in regal ermine-trimmed cloak), enters St. John's Cathedral, where Sejm deputies will swear to uphold the new Constitution; in background, Warsaw's Royal Castle, where the Constitution has just been adopted.
Presidential copy of the Russian Constitution.
Magna Carta
United States Constitution

St. Sava's Nomocanon was the compilation of civil law, based on Roman Law, and canon law, based on Ecumenical Councils.

Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)

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Medieval Serbian state that existed from 1217 to 1346 and was ruled by the Nemanjić dynasty.

Medieval Serbian state that existed from 1217 to 1346 and was ruled by the Nemanjić dynasty.

Serbia by 1265, during the rule of Stefan Uroš I of Serbia
Corronation of Tsar Dušan
Serbia by 1265, during the rule of Stefan Uroš I of Serbia
Serbian Empire, 1355

In the same year Sava published the first constitution in Serbia — St. Sava's Nomocanon (Zakonopravilo).

Serbian Orthodox Church

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One of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian churches.

One of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian churches.

Seal of prince Strojimir of Serbia (from the late 9th century), one of the oldest artifacts on the Christianization of the Serbs
Map depicting the Archbishopric of Ohrid in ca. 1020
Timeline showing the main autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches, from an Eastern Orthodox point of view, up to 2021
Saint Sava, first Serbian archbishop
Trojeručica meaning "Three-handed Theotokos" is the most important icon of the SOC, and the main icon of Mount Athos
Serbian Patriarch Danilo III, fresco from the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć
Serbian Patriarchate of Peć (16th–17th century)
Serbian Patriarch Arsenije III, leader of the Great Serbian Migration of 1690
Timeline showing the main schisms which came out of the Serbian Orthodox Church, from the second quarter of the 19th century up to 2021
Serbian Patriarch Dimitrije (1920-1930), first primate of the reunited Serbian Orthodox Church
Building of the Serbian Patriarchate in Belgrade
Church of Saint Sava, one of the largest Orthodox churches in the world, being built continuously since the end of the 1980s on the site where the relics of Saint Sava were desecrated by the Ottomans
Eparchies of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Serbian autochthonous region of Western Balkans
An example of the Serbo-Byzantine style in the Gračanica monastery in Kosovo (World Heritage Site)
"A Portrait of the Evangelist", a miniature from the Radoslav Gospel (1429)
Flag of the Serbian Orthodox Church

In the same year, Saint Sava published Zakonopravilo (St.

Nemanjić dynasty, 14th century fresco from Visoki Dečani

Nemanjić dynasty

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The most prominent dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages.

The most prominent dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages.

Nemanjić dynasty, 14th century fresco from Visoki Dečani
Serbian Empire, 1355
Coat of arms attributed to the Nemanjić dynasty in the Fojnica Armorial, based on the Ohmućević Armorial (late 16th century). The double-headed eagle is attested for the flag of the medieval kingdom of Serbia by Angelino Dulcert (1339).

In the same year Saint Sava published the first constitution in Serbia: St. Sava's Nomocanon.

Dušan's Code

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Compilation of several legal systems that was enacted by Stefan Uroš IV Duš an of Serbia in 1349.

Compilation of several legal systems that was enacted by Stefan Uroš IV Duš an of Serbia in 1349.

Fresco detail of Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan.
Proglašenje Dušanovog zakonika (The Proclamation of Dušan's Law Codex), Paja Jovanović, oil on canvas, 1900, National Museum of Serbia

Dušan's Code was thus a supplement to Milutin's code, as well as a supplement to the various Church law codes that also had authority in Serbia; in particular the Nomocanon of Saint Sava (Zakonopravilo), enacted in 1219 with the establishment of the Serbian Orthodox Church and Serbian Kingdom.